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ACCIDENTS DE TRAVAIL
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Les risques psychosociaux sur le lieu de travail peuvent avoir un impact négatif sur la santé professionnelle et générale, y compris le risque de blessure. L’association entre les blessures et les risques professionnels psychosociaux (insécurité de l’emploi, déséquilibre travail-famille, milieu de travail hostile) a été évaluée en tenant compte des facteurs sociodémographiques et professionnels.
Source: Farnacio, Yvonne, Pratt, Michael E., Marshall, Elizabeth G., & Graber, Judith M. (2017). JOEM: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 59(10), e164-e171. doi: 10.1097 / JOM.0000000000001143
AGRESSIONS ET VIOLENCE
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De-escalation techniques are the recommended first-line intervention for the management of aggression in mental health settings internationally, yet use of higher-risk restrictive practices persists. This indicates de-escalation techniques are not used at optimum frequency and/or there are important factors limiting their use and effect. This study investigates patient perspectives on barriers and enablers to the use and effectiveness of de-escalation techniques for aggression in mental health settings.
Source: Price, Owen, Baker, John, Bee, Penn, Grundy, Andrew, Scott, Anne, Butler, Debbie, Cree, Lindsey, & Lovell, Karina. (2017). JAN: Journal of Advanced Nursing. Prépublication. doi:10.1111/jan.13488
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Vous travaillez tard? Travaillez en sécurité
Vous venez de passer une longue journée au bureau pour respecter un délai important et vous avez enfin terminé. Votre satisfaction initiale se transforme en malaise lorsque vous vous rendez compte que vous êtes la dernière personne au bureau et qu’il fait nuit. Si vous avez déjà travaillé tard, vous savez que cette impression peut être troublante, surtout lorsque vous êtes seul. Voici quelques bonnes pratiques que les employeurs devraient mettre en place et que les employés devraient mettre en pratique pour assurer la sécurité des personnes qui travaillent en dehors des heures de bureau.
Source: Vous travaillez tard? Travaillez en sécurité. (2017). Rapport sur la santé et la sécurité, 15(10). Repéré à http://www.cchst.ca/newsletters/hsreport/issues/current.html#hsreport-tipstools
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Reporting occupational violence in emergency departments
A study has revealed that emergency department (ED) staff across all roles receive verbal abuse from patients, but that nurses are more likely to be physically assaulted and are less likely to feel safe.
Source: Hackett, Kimberley. (2017, July 13). Emergency Nurse. Repéré à https://journals.rcni.com/doi/abs/10.7748/en.25.4.12.s12?af=R
AMÉNAGEMENT – ARCHITECTURE
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DOSSIER – Travailler dans un bureau: des risques à ne pas sous-estimer
En réponse à de nouvelles méthodes managériales, nombre d’entreprises opèrent une mutation des espaces de travail et, plus largement, une révolution du travail au bureau. Mais les innovations architecturales et la multiplication des moyens de communication sont-elles nécessairement gage d’amélioration des conditions de travail? Car les risques existent pour le salarié. Qu’ils soient liés aux ambiances physiques de travail (qualité de l’air et ambiance thermique, bruit, éclairage…), à l’organisation de l’espace ou aux nouveaux modes de communication, ils ne doivent pas être occultés. Ce dossier brosse un état des lieux des évolutions en cours du travail au bureau, des risques qu’elles engendrent et que toute entreprise devrait intégrer afin de penser des espaces capables de répondre aux contraintes socio-économiques, d’améliorer la productivité tout en offrant de réelles améliorations des conditions de travail.
Source: Institut national de recherche et de sécurité. (2017, Juillet/août/Septembre).Hygiène & sécurité du travail, 248, 18-47. Repéré à http://www.hst.fr/dms/hst/data/articles/HST/TI-DO-18/do18.pdf
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Outil Questionnaire GABO (Gêne Acoustique dans les Bureaux Ouverts)
Le questionnaire GABO (Gêne Acoustique dans les Bureaux Ouverts) permet de recueillir le ressenti des salariés vis-à-vis du bruit dans les open-spaces (type de sources sonores gênantes, type de tâche perturbée, échelle de sensibilité au bruit, perception de leur santé, etc.). Il est accompagné d’une grille Excel destinée à faciliter l’analyse et la synthèse des réponses.
Source: Institut national de recherche et de sécurité. (2017). Outil Questionnaire GABO (Gêne Acoustique dans les Bureaux Ouverts). Repéré à http://www.inrs.fr/media.html?refINRS=outil62
AMIANTE
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This study estimated the economic burden of lung cancer and mesothelioma due to occupational and para-occupational asbestos exposure in Canada. The authors estimated the lifetime cost of newly diagnosed lung cancer and mesothelioma cases associated with occupational and para-occupational asbestos exposure for calendar year 2011 based on the societal perspective. The key cost components considered are healthcare costs, productivity and output costs, and quality of life costs. The results showed that economic burden of lung cancer and mesothelioma associated with occupational and para-occupational asbestos exposure is substantial. The estimate identified is for 2331 newly diagnosed, occupational and para-occupational exposure cases in 2011, so it is only a portion of the burden of existing cases in that year. Our findings provide important information for policy decision makers for priority setting, in particular the merits of banning the mining of asbestos and use of products containing asbestos in countries where they are still allowed and also the merits of asbestos removal in older buildings with asbestos insulation.
Source: Tompa, Emile, Kalcevich, Christina, McLeod, Chris, Lebeau, Martin, Song, Chaojie, McLeod, Kim,… Demers, Paul A. Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 74(11), 816-822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-104173
APPROCHE LEAN
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Autopsie d’un processus de gestion – Partie 1
Est-il possible de rendre le processus de gestion Lean? Répondre à une telle question peut paraitre simple, mais ce n’est pas le cas. Expliquer comment éviter l’inefficacité, éliminer les tâches à faible valeur ajoutée et minimiser le gaspillage n’est pas une mince affaire. On parle ici de prendre conscience du gaspillage de temps et d’efforts rendus nécessaires par un système de gestion classique, soit celui qui implique trop souvent des procédures en format papier dans des cartables ou en format informatique.
Source: Mc Carthy, Ulysse. (2017, Septembre). Travail et santé, 33(3), 20-21.
CET ARTICLE N’EST PAS DISPONIBLE EN VERSION ÉLECTRONIQUE
ASTHME PROFESSIONNEL
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Cleaning and disinfecting products consisting of a mixture of hydrogen peroxide (HP), peracetic acid (PAA), and acetic acid (AA) are widely used as sporicidal agents in health care, childcare, agricultural, food service, and food production industries. HP and PAA are strong oxidants and their mixture is a recognized asthmagen. However, few exposure assessment studies to date have measured HP, PAA, and AA in a health care setting. In 2015, the authors performed a health and exposure assessment at a hospital where a new sporicidal product, consisting of HP, PAA, and AA was introduced 16 months prior.
Source: Hawley, Brie, Casey, Megan, Virji, Mohammad, Abbas, Cummings, Kristin J., Johnson, Alyson, & Cox-Ganser, Jean. (2017). Annals of Work Exposures and Health. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxx087
BLOC OPÉRATOIRE – CHIRURGIE
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Nurses’ Perceptions of Their Foot Health: Implications for Occupational Health Care
Nursing practice includes static standing and much walking causing strains to lower extremities. However, little is known about nurses’ foot health and particularly their perceptions of their foot health. Therefore, in this study operating room nurses’ perceptions of their foot health was investigated and promoting and hindering factors were identified. In total, 14 operating room nurses participated in in-depth interviews. The informants regarded foot health as part of general health and moreover a significant part of work well-being. Promoting factors for foot health were activity in sports and foot self-care as well as varying work conditions and seeing patients with severe foot conditions which served as a motivating factor to care for their own feet. On the contrary, hindering factors were unsuitable footwear, constant standing, and lack of motivation to care for their own feet. Based on this study, nurses’ value their foot health which should be promoted. Nurses could benefit from annual foot health assessments and foot self-care education provided by occupational health professionals.
Source: Stolt, Minna, Miikkola, Maija, Suhonen, Riitta, & Leino-Kilpi, Helena. (2017). Workplace Health & Safety. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917727011
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Saddle Seat Reduces Musculoskeletal Discomfort in Microsurgery Surgeons
Microsurgery is a surgical procedure that requires a high degree of precision and is commonly facilitated through the use of an intraoperative microscope. When operating the microscope system, the long-term posture and stance lead to fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders in surgeons, and seats are commonly employed to diminish these problems. The present study was conducted to evaluate musculoskeletal discomfort during work with a saddle seat especially designed for people using intraoperative microscopes in comparison with conventional seats for microscopic works. The authors found that the highest amount of discomfort that microsurgical surgeons acquire in the workplace was focused on their neck, shoulder, arm and back, respectively. During the work with a saddle seat, a significant reduction was found for discomfort values in neck, shoulder, arm, back, elbow and forearm, as well as the whole body. Over 89 percent of the participants said that the use of this seat causes increased comfort during operation.
Source: Labbafinejad, Yasser, Ghasemi, Mohammad S., Bagherzadeh, Ali, Aazami, Hossein, Eslami-Farsani, Mnsour, & Dehghan, Naser. (2017). JOSE: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. Prépublication. 22 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2017.1389463
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Musculoskeletal pain is a common occupational hazard experienced by surgeons. Otologists are predisposed to neck and back pain due to regular prolonged microscopic work. This prospective pilot study investigate the effects of sustained microscopic work on the neck and back, its correlation to surgical experience and to assess the benefits of a prototype postural support chair (PSC) amongst 10 male ear, nose and throat (ENT) clinicians. We used a subjective measure of time to fatigue and pain for the neck and back as well as objective readings from a surface electromyogram (sEMG). It was found that an increase in surgical experience correlated with the time taken to experience fatigue and pain in the neck and back.
Source: Vijendren, Ananth, Devereux, Gavin, Kenway, Bruno, Duffield, Kathy, Van Rompaey, Vincent, van de Heyning, Paul, & Yung, Matthew. (2017). (2017). JOSE: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. Prépublication. 37 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2017.1386411
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Smokin’ in the OR: Society Aims to Protect Personnel, Patients From Harmful Fumes
The days of lighting up a cigarette in airplanes and restaurants may be of a bygone era, but when it comes to the operating room, the exposure to hazardous smoke continues to flourish. While recent studies show that the latest « silent killer » may be a conventional day in the OR, the Association of periOperative Registered Nurses Go Clear program aims to bring awareness to the harmful effects of surgical smoke and introduces guidelines to protect the health of practitioners and their patients.
Source: Duffy, Brigid. (2017, October 20). General Surgery News. Repéré à http://www.generalsurgerynews.com/In-the-News/Article/10-17/Smokin-in-the-OR/44938/ses=ogst?enl=true
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The impact of the site where an obstetrician dresses in their surgical scrubs, home versus hospital, on total bacterial burden remains unknown. Therefore, the authors aim to quantify the effect of dressing in surgical scrubs at home versus at the hospital on the bacterial contamination at the beginning of a scheduled shift. The results showed there were no significant difference in total bacterial burden of surgical scrubs at the start of a shift between cohorts who dressed at home versus at the hospital.
Source: Slizewski, Darcy H., Heberlein, Emily, Meredith, Jennifer F., Jobe, Laura B., & Eichelberger, Kacey Y. (2017). AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.09.009
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This study evaluated the effect of physical, psychosocial and individual factors on the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) among surgeons in Iran. The prevalence of MSS, particularly in the knees, neck, low back and shoulders was relatively high. Work-related factors including time spent on surgeries each week, number of hours working in standing position per day, moderate to high levels of work–family conflict, duration of each surgery, number of years worked as a surgeon and surgical specialty (particularly cardiothoracic and obstetric/gynecologic surgeries) were independently associated with the presence of MSS in different body regions. Individual factors including gender (being female) and little or no involvement in sport and physical activity were also independently associated with the occurrence of complaints. Implications of the findings for further research and development work for improving the working conditions and consequently reducing MSS among this working group are discussed.
Source: Dianat, Iman, Bazazan, Ahmad, Azad, Mohammad Amin Souraki & Salimi, & Seyedeh Sakineh. (2017). Applied Ergonomics, 67, 115-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2017.09.011
BRUIT EN MILIEU DE TRAVAIL
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The authors studied the effects of repeated exposure to MRI-related acoustic noise during image acquisition procedures (scans) on hearing. A retrospective occupational cohort study was performed among workers of an MRI manufacturing facility. Longitudinal audiometry data from the facility’s medical surveillance scheme collected from 1973 to 2010 were analysed by studying the association of cumulative exposure to MRI-related acoustic noise from voluntary (multiple) MRI scans and the hearing threshold of the volunteer. From this longitudinal cohort study, it appeared that exposure to noise from voluntarily MRI scans may have resulted in a slight amount of hearing loss. Mandatory use of hearing protection might have prevented more severe hearing loss. Lack of consistency in findings between the left and right ears and between the two exposure measures prohibits definitive conclusions.
Source: Bongers, Suzan, Slottje, Pauline, & Kromhout, Hans. (2017). Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 74(11), 776-784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-103750
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DOSSIER – Travailler dans un bureau: des risques à ne pas sous-estimer
En réponse à de nouvelles méthodes managériales, nombre d’entreprises opèrent une mutation des espaces de travail et, plus largement, une révolution du travail au bureau. Mais les innovations architecturales et la multiplication des moyens de communication sont-elles nécessairement gage d’amélioration des conditions de travail? Car les risques existent pour le salarié. Qu’ils soient liés aux ambiances physiques de travail (qualité de l’air et ambiance thermique, bruit, éclairage…), à l’organisation de l’espace ou aux nouveaux modes de communication, ils ne doivent pas être occultés. Ce dossier brosse un état des lieux des évolutions en cours du travail au bureau, des risques qu’elles engendrent et que toute entreprise devrait intégrer afin de penser des espaces capables de répondre aux contraintes socio-économiques, d’améliorer la productivité tout en offrant de réelles améliorations des conditions de travail.
Source: Institut national de recherche et de sécurité. (2017, Juillet/août/Septembre). Hygiène & sécurité du travail, 248, 18-47. Repéré à http://www.hst.fr/dms/hst/data/articles/HST/TI-DO-18/do18.pdf
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Outil Questionnaire GABO (Gêne Acoustique dans les Bureaux Ouverts)
Le questionnaire GABO (Gêne Acoustique dans les Bureaux Ouverts) permet de recueillir le ressenti des salariés vis-à-vis du bruit dans les open-spaces (type de sources sonores gênantes, type de tâche perturbée, échelle de sensibilité au bruit, perception de leur santé, etc.). Il est accompagné d’une grille Excel destinée à faciliter l’analyse et la synthèse des réponses.
Source: Institut national de recherche et de sécurité. (2017). Outil Questionnaire GABO (Gêne Acoustique dans les Bureaux Ouverts). Repéré à http://www.inrs.fr/media.html?refINRS=outil62
CANCERS PROFESSIONNELS
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Cancer incidence in female laboratory employees: extended follow-up of a Swedish cohort study
Work in chemical laboratories is associated with exposure to chemicals, of which some are known or suspected carcinogens. A cohort study of laboratory workers in Stockholm followed until 1992 showed an excess of hematolymphatic malignancies in chemical laboratories and an excess of breast cancer among women working for more than 10 years in such laboratories. The follow-up of this cohort has now been extended by 20 years. The results demonstrated that increased risk of breast cancer, as well as the earlier noted excess of hematolymphatic malignancies, may be related to exposure to carcinogenic chemicals/organic solvents used in chemical laboratories, especially during earlier periods.
Source: Gustavsson, Per, Andersson, Tomas, Gustavsson, Annika, & Reuterwall, Christina. (2017). Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 74(11), 823-826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-104184
CIVILITÉ EN MILIEU DE TRAVAIL
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Association of the nurse work environment with nurse incivility in hospitals
Workplace incivility can negatively affect nurses, hospitals and patients. Plentiful evidence documents that nurses working in better nurse work environments have improved job and health outcomes. There is minimal knowledge about how nurse coworker incivility relates to the United States nurse work environment. This study aimed to determine whether coworker incivility is associated with the nurse work environment, defined as organisational characteristics that promote nurse autonomy. The results showed that supportive nurse managers reduce coworker incivility.
Source: Smith, Jessica G., Morin, Karen H., & Lake, Eileen T. (2017). Journal of Nursing Management. Prépublication. 8 p. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12537
CONCILIATION TRAVAIL – VIE PERSONNELLE
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This study estimated the cost and return on investment (ROI) of an intervention targeting work-family conflict (WFC) in the extended care industry. Costs to deliver the intervention during a group-randomized controlled trial were estimated, and data on organizational costs, presenteeism, health care costs, voluntary termination, and sick time, were collected from interviews and administrative data. The intervention was associated with a $668 reduction in health care costs.
Source: Dowd, William N., Bray, Jeremy W., Barbosa, Carolina, Brockwood, Krista, Kaiser, David J., Mills, Michael J.,… Wipfli, Brad. (2017). JOEM: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 59(10), 956-965. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001097
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Many professional carers also have their own personal caring responsibilities. In many cases, it’s their personal experience of caring, and the values that go with it, that make them good carers. To solve the crisis of recruitment and retention in social care, employers need to design jobs which are, as far as possible, compatible with carers’ non-work lives. This ‘compatible scheduling’ has the potential to improve quality of care: care quality may be compromised just as much by constant change of personnel as by lack of skills. By reducing the cost of staff turnover, it can also save money for employers. Timewise set out to explore how jobs could be enhanced within domiciliary care, by making them more compatible with carers’ non-work commitments while ensuring quality of care was maintained.
Source: Timewise Foundation. (2017). London (GB): Timewise, 23 p. Repéré à https://timewise.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/1957-Timewise-Caring-by-Design-report-Under-200MB.pdf
CONSTRUCTION
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Do You Have Questions about Disposable Dust Masks? We Have Answers!
Un ajustement, une formation et des évaluations appropriés sont essentiels pour protéger les employés contre l’exposition à des aérosols lorsqu’ils utilisent des masques de protection. Cet article répond aux deux questions les plus fréquemment posées concernant les masques jetables de protection contre les poussières: « Dois-je procéder à tests d’ajustement? » et « À quelle fréquence les employés devraient-ils remplacer leur masque? »
Source: Winship, Rick. (2017, October 12). EHS Today. Respirators. Repéré à http://www.ehstoday.com/respirators/do-you-have-questions-about-disposable-dust-masks-we-have-answers
CONTRAINTES THERMIQUES
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Protéger les travailleurs du froid: mieux comprendre pour mieux agir
Les ouvriers de l’industrie alimentaire de transformation sont exposés, plusieurs heures par jour, à des températures comprises entre 0 et +10°C pour maintenir la chaine du froid (à des fins de conservation des denrées alimentaires) voire même à des températures inférieures à -20°C pour les produits congelés. La contrainte thermique par le froid peut avoir des conséquences importantes sur la santé (gelures, hypothermie), sur la sécurité (perte de vigilance et de sensibilité) et s’avérer parfois fatale. Le premier article explore les performances cognitives de huit participants humains exposés 24 heures à une température de 7,5°C. Il en découle quelques recommandations en cas d’exposition prolongée au froid. Le second article présente de récents travaux menés sur le transfert de chaleur à travers différentes couches textiles, utilisées dans la conception de vêtement de protection contre le froid (VPF). En particulier, il rapporte l’influence des caractéristiques géométriques, structurelles et de masse de ces couches sur les propriétés de transfert de masse et de chaleur, et donc sur le confort thermique, à travers des VPF.
Source: Vinches, Ludwig, & Hallé, Stéphane. (2017). Anses: Bulletin de veille scientifique, 32, 52-54. Repéré à http://bvs.mag.anses.fr/sites/default/files/BVS-mg-032-Vinches-Halle.pdf
CPE – SERVICES DE GARDE
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NOUVEAU BULLETIN – Info-Qualité
L’Info-Qualité est un bulletin électronique rédigé par le ministère de la Famille. Il est destiné aux centres de la petite enfance, aux garderies subventionnées et non subventionnées ainsi qu’aux services de garde en milieu familial. Il traite de sujets qui touchent la qualité éducative, et ce, de manière dynamique, conviviale et accessible. Plus précisément, on y aborde des questions qui concernent la mission éducative des services de garde, le programme éducatif, l’évaluation de la qualité éducative, les saines habitudes de vie, la réussite éducative ou encore la transition vers l’école.
Source: Ministère de la famille. (2017). Famille Québec. Actualités. Repéré à https://www.mfa.gouv.qc.ca/fr/ministere/centre-presse/Nouvelles/Pages/nouvelle-2017-11-01.aspx
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Trois nouvelles vidéos PDSB Enfants
Relever un enfant au sol comporte un risque important de blessures pour les intervenants. Il faut faire travailler l’enfant au maximum de ses capacités pour qu’il puisse se relever du sol et éviter tout soulèvement effectué par l’intervenant. Si l’enfant ne peut se relever par lui-même, il faut opter pour des équipements qui mécanisent la tâche afin de la rendre sécuritaire, tels que: la veste de transfert, le Raizer, la chaise élévatrice. Ces vidéos s’ajoutent aux onze autres vidéos déjà disponibles sur le site de l’ASSTSAS.
Source: Association paritaire pour la santé et la sécurité du travail du secteur affaires sociales. (2017, Octobre). Vidéos PDSB enfants. [Vidéo en ligne]. Repéré à http://asstsas.qc.ca/themes-pdsb/videos-pdsb-enfants
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N’importe qui peut être atteint de la gale, même les enfants! La gale est une infestation de la peau causée par un parasite microscopique. Ce parasite creuse un petit tunnel dans la peau et y pond ses oeufs. Une allergie au parasite, à ses excréments et à sa salive se développe et cause des démangeaisons, qui surviennent surtout la nuit.
Source: Québec. Ministère de la famille. (2017, Automne). Bye bye les microbes, 20(3), 3-4. Repéré à https://www.mfa.gouv.qc.ca/fr/publication/Documents/byebye-vol20no3.pdf
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Les rapprochements observés chez les enfants du préscolaire et du primaire sont propices à la transmission des poux. La rentrée est le bon moment de se rappeler les façons de prévenir la transmission de ces nuisances dans les milieux de garde.
Source: Québec. Ministère de la famille. (2017, Automne). Bye bye les microbes, 20(3), 1-2. Repéré à https://www.mfa.gouv.qc.ca/fr/publication/Documents/byebye-vol20no3.pdf
DÉCHETS DANGEREUX
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Developing a Comprehensive Waste Management Strategy
Ensuring appropriate drug management throughout the entirety of the medication-use process is a core responsibility of hospital pharmacists. A comprehensive approach requires a compliant waste strategy for all pharmaceutical waste streams produced by the organization, including identification and disposal of nonhazardous waste, controlled substance waste, and RCRA hazardous waste. Greenville Memorial Hospital is a 845-bed, tertiary referral hospital located in Greenville, South Carolina. A primary objective of their health system’s comprehensive waste management program is to decrease, if not eliminate, waste entering landfills and the water system.
Source: Terry, Jay E. (2017, October). Pharmacy Purchasing & Products Magazine, 14(10), 2-4. Repéré à https://www.pppmag.com/article/2117
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How do you clean what you can’t see? New research, supported by a WorkSafeBC Innovation at Work grant, looks into the science of cleaning up nanomaterial spills that could potentially be invisible to the naked eye. The minuscule materials are found in everything from electronics to medicine and cosmetics. And they pose a vexing challenge in the workplace. Workers may come into contact with them regularly, and there are potential hazards associated with handling them. Not only that, but questions abound surrounding exposure limits and effective workplace processes and procedures.
Source: Johnson, Gail. (2017, September/October). WorkSafe Magazine, 17(5), 14-16. Repéré à https://www.worksafebc.com/-/media/18146F7BCD734D1D879E54D8B0F7C6D0.ashx
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Safe disposal of cytotoxic waste: an evaluation of an air-tight system
A 3-month evaluation was undertaken at the Kent Oncology Centre’s chemotherapy day unit (CDU) to trial an air-tight sealing disposal system for cytotoxic waste management. Research has identified the potential risk to staff who handle waste products that are hazardous to health. Staff safety was a driving force behind a trial of a new way of working. This article provides an overview of the evaluation of the Pactosafe system in one clinical area, examining reviews by oncology healthcare workers, the practicalities in the clinical setting, training, cost effectiveness and the environmental benefits.
Source: Craig, Gamma, & Wadey, Charlotte. (2017). BJN: British Journal of Nursing, 26(16), S18-S24. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2017.26.16.S18
DÉPLACEMENTS DES BÉNÉFICIAIRES
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This issue of Workplace Health & Safety contains a Continuing Nursing Education Module on « Implementation of a Safe Patient Handling Program in a Multihospital Health System From Inception to Sustainability ». Upon completion of this lesson, the occupational health nurse will be able to describe the development and implementation of a safe patient handling program, including provisions for sustainability.
Source: Implementation of a Safe Patient Handling Program in a Multihospital Health System From Inception to Sustainability. (2017). Workplace Health & Safety, 65(11), 560. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917720210
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Nature of Injury and Risk of Multiple Claims Among Workers in Manitoba Health Care
In industrial societies, work-related musculoskeletal disorders are common among workers, frequently resulting in recurrent injuries, work disability, and multiple compensation claims. The risk of idiopathic musculoskeletal injuries is thought to be more than twice the risk of any other health problem among workers in the health care sector. This risk is highly prevalent particularly among workers whose job involves frequent physical tasks, such as patient lifting and transfer. Workers with recurrent occupational injuries are likely to submit multiple work disability claims and progress to long-term disability. The objective of this study was to explore the influence of injury type and worker characteristics on multiple compensation claims, using workers’ compensation claims data. This retrospective study analyzed 11 years of secondary claims data for health care workers.
Source: Oranye, Nelson Ositadimma. (2017). Workplace Health & Safety. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917728942
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Plusieurs obstacles entravent l’application des bonnes pratiques de prévention des TMS chez le personnel du secteur des soins de santé. C’est ce que démontre une étude dont l’objet était de comprendre les raisons pour lesquelles le personnel infirmier subit encore des TMS alors que les données probantes pour mieux les prévenir sont facilement accessibles. Ces barrières se situent à l’étape de l’application des connaissances et non de l’acquisition ou de l’appropriation de celles-ci, ce qui suggère qu’elles relèvent davantage des milieux de travail. Parmi celles-ci, on trouve: le décalage entre les conditions d’application des mesures préventives lors des formations et celles en milieu de travail; les difficultés d’accès aux équipements de manutention; une culture qui valorise peu les comportements sécuritaires. L’étude suggère notamment de mieux sensibiliser les cadres à l’intégration des pratiques préventives aux routines organisationnelles, d’offrir davantage de formation adaptée au contexte de chaque établissement et la possibilité de pratiquer les techniques de manipulation sur les lieux de travail.
Source: Ziam, Saliha, Lakhal, Sawsen, Laroche, Éléna, Alderson, Marie, & Gagné, Charles. (2017). Montréal: Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, xiii, 133 p. (Rapport scientifique; R-985). Repéré à http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/PubIRSST/R-985.pdf?v=2017-10-26
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Les risques professionnels encourus par les utilisateurs d’équipements d’aide à la manutention des personnes ne sont pas toujours bien pris en compte lors de leur conception. À travers l’aide du Milo, un équipement d’aide au transfert de personnes et à la toilette, l’INRS a élaboré des recommandations pour intégrer la prévention de ces risques dès la conception des aides techniques et limiter ainsi les efforts liés à leur utilisation.
Source: Gille, Stéphane, & Kerangueven, Laurent. (2017, Juillet/août/Septembre). Hygiène & sécurité du travail, 248, 50-56. Repéré à http://www.hst.fr/dms/hst/data/articles/HST/TI-NT-52/nt52.pdf
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Trois nouvelles vidéos PDSB Enfants
Relever un enfant au sol comporte un risque important de blessures pour les intervenants. Il faut faire travailler l’enfant au maximum de ses capacités pour qu’il puisse se relever du sol et éviter tout soulèvement effectué par l’intervenant. Si l’enfant ne peut se relever par lui-même, il faut opter pour des équipements qui mécanisent la tâche afin de la rendre sécuritaire, tels que: la veste de transfert, le Raizer, la chaise élévatrice. Ces vidéos s’ajoutent aux onze autres vidéos déjà disponibles sur le site de l’ASSTSAS.
Source: Association paritaire pour la santé et la sécurité du travail du secteur affaires sociales. (2017, Octobre). Vidéos PDSB enfants. [Vidéo en ligne]. Repéré à http://asstsas.qc.ca/themes-pdsb/videos-pdsb-enfants
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International Round Table Discussion: Do Gait Belts Have a Role in Safe Patient Handling Programs?
The question as to whether gait, transfer, or handling belts have any place in safe patient handling has been much debated here in the USA and beyond. Originally intended as a support tool for physical therapists when mobilizing their patients, the gait belt seemed to quickly transfer into an essential tool for the clinical nurse, who would place it around the patient’s waist before proceeding to transfer (often pulling) them from bed to chair/commode and back again. This technique has often been taught alongside the essential components of manual lifting. This discussion between physical therapists from New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States looks at how gait/transfer/handling belts are used in their respective countries, explores who the most appropriate group is to use them, and in what circumstances they can safely be used.
Source: Miller, H., Rockefeller, K., & Townsend, P. (2017). International Journal of SPHM, 7(3). Repéré à https://sphmjournal.com/product/international-round-table-discussion-gait-belts-role-safe-patient-handling-programs/
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Case Study: A 600-lb Patient Journey to Walk After 3 Years of Immobility
Moving and handling patients places healthcare workers at risk of injury. Most healthcare facilities support safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM) through the use of technology. However, with the rise in obesity, standard SPHM equipment may pose a challenge when trying to mobilize the bariatric population due to their limited weight capacity. Other factors that can make SPHM difficult for this population include lack of staff experience or sensitivity, inadequate staffing, and staff fearing injury. Patient psychosocial issues which may further impede mobility, such as lack of motivation, fear of falling, dignity issues, pain, anxiety, and depression, can all lead to poor patient outcomes, prolonged length of stay, limited discharge options, and high costs. This article will describe the journey of a 615-lb patient who was non-ambulatory for 3 years and upon discharge was able to walk 100 feet independently and go home with her son.
Source: Labreche, M., Tucker, K., & Kleinhaus, T. (2017). International Journal of SPHM, 7(3). Repéré à https://sphmjournal.com/product/case-study-600-lb-patient-journey-walk-3-years-immobility/
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It is well documented that prolonged bed rest causes profound deconditioning of multiple body systems, and mobilization has been shown effective in decreasing hospital length of stay, preventing hospital-acquired conditions, and reducing readmissions. However, there are many barriers to the mobilization of the bariatric patient population, which include fear of injury to the patient and caregivers, lack of equipment, and knowledge gaps on how to safely mobilize a bariatric patient. This article describes the use of safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM) technology for a morbidly obese man (BMI 124.5) in the acute care setting. An aggressive rehabilitation course utilizing SPHM technology that promoted functional mobility and progressive gait training substantially benefited this patient’s physical function and contributed to his potential for independent living in the community.
Source: Blasco, P., Deere, C., McGann, N., Hopewell, N., & Brown, B. (2017). International Journal of SPHM, 7(3). Repéré à https://sphmjournal.com/product/progressive-physical-occupational-therapy-plan-care-970-lb-patient-acute-care-setting-case-report/
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Applying Theories of Health Behavior and Change to Moving and Handling Practice
Moving and handling interventions are essential in order to minimize the risks to healthcare workers and patients in the clinical area. By highlighting the importance of moving and handling education, it can help to promote and improve employee musculoskeletal health at work. If moving and handling education to change behavior is to be effective, then it needs careful planning and should be informed by the relevant research and up-to-date evidence. Workplace behavior change should be in response to actual needs gathered through risk assessment. The aim of this article is to briefly identify and discuss selected Health Belief Models that can affect behavior change in moving and handling practice and to consider the implications for their application and translation in the reduction of musculoskeletal injuries within moving and handling practice and changing culture.
Source: Wanless, S. (2017). International Journal of SPHM, 7(3). Repéré à https://sphmjournal.com/product/applying-theories-health-behavior-change-moving-handling-practice/
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Patient Mobility Forum Founded: Share ideas and ask questions on safe patient handling
A new safe patient handling forum is now online for employee professionals to ask questions or share ideas and policies with colleagues and industry. Guy Fragala, PhD, is the master moderator of the newly minted National Mobility Forum, which can be found at: https://mim.vbulletin.net/. An editorial board member of Hospital Employee Health, Fragala has decades of experience in occupational safety and health. He is the Senior Advisor for Ergonomics at the Patient Safety Center of Inquiry in Tampa, FL. HEH recently asked him to describe this new venture, which is in conjunction with industry and other safe lifting professionals.
Source: Patient Mobility Forum Founded. (November 2017). Hospital Employee Health, 36(10), 109-120. Repéré à https://www.ahcmedia.com/articles/141566-patient-mobility-forum-founded
DÉPLACEMENTS DES BÉNÉFICIAIRES – ENFANTS
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Trois nouvelles vidéos PDSB Enfants
Relever un enfant au sol comporte un risque important de blessures pour les intervenants. Il faut faire travailler l’enfant au maximum de ses capacités pour qu’il puisse se relever du sol et éviter tout soulèvement effectué par l’intervenant. Si l’enfant ne peut se relever par lui-même, il faut opter pour des équipements qui mécanisent la tâche afin de la rendre sécuritaire, tels que: la veste de transfert, le Raizer, la chaise élévatrice. Ces vidéos s’ajoutent aux onze autres vidéos déjà disponibles sur le site de l’ASSTSAS.
Source: Association paritaire pour la santé et la sécurité du travail du secteur affaires sociales. (2017, Octobre). Vidéos PDSB enfants. [Vidéo en ligne]. Repéré à http://asstsas.qc.ca/themes-pdsb/videos-pdsb-enfants
ÉCLAIRAGE
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DOSSIER – Travailler dans un bureau: des risques à ne pas sous-estimer
En réponse à de nouvelles méthodes managériales, nombre d’entreprises opèrent une mutation des espaces de travail et, plus largement, une révolution du travail au bureau. Mais les innovations architecturales et la multiplication des moyens de communication sont-elles nécessairement gage d’amélioration des conditions de travail? Car les risques existent pour le salarié. Qu’ils soient liés aux ambiances physiques de travail (qualité de l’air et ambiance thermique, bruit, éclairage…), à l’organisation de l’espace ou aux nouveaux modes de communication, ils ne doivent pas être occultés. Ce dossier brosse un état des lieux des évolutions en cours du travail au bureau, des risques qu’elles engendrent et que toute entreprise devrait intégrer afin de penser des espaces capables de répondre aux contraintes socio-économiques, d’améliorer la productivité tout en offrant de réelles améliorations des conditions de travail.
Source: Institut national de recherche et de sécurité. (2017, Juillet/août/Septembre). Hygiène & sécurité du travail, 248, 18-47. Repéré à http://www.hst.fr/dms/hst/data/articles/HST/TI-DO-18/do18.pdf
ENTRETIEN MÉNAGER À DOMICILE
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Associations Between Disinfection By-Product Exposures and Craniofacial Birth Defects
The purpose ofthis study was to examine associations between craniofacial birth defects (CFDs) and disinfection by-product (DBP) exposures, including the sum of four trihalomethanes (THM4) and five haloacetic acids (HAA5) (i.e., DBP9). This is the first epidemiological study of DBPs to examine eye and ear defects, as well as HAAs and CFDs. The associations for cleft palate and eye defects highlight the importance of examining specific defects, and of examining DBPs beyond THM4.
Source: Kaufman, John A., Wright, J. Michael, Evans, Amanda, Rivera-Núñez, Zorimar, Meyer, Amy, & Narotsky, Michael G. (2017). JOEM: Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine. Prépublication. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001191
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Salariée enceinte en contact avec des chats
Réponse de l’INRS à une question posée par un médecin du travail: Que faire en cas de sérologie négative pour la toxoplasmose? Par exemple, une aide-ménagère intervient chez des clients qui ont des chats. Elle est enceinte et séronégative pour la toxoplasmose. Quelles sont les mesures de prévention à mettre en place?
Source: Caron, Véronique, & Dufayet, Laurène. (2017, Septembre). Références en santé au travail, 151, 124-125. Repéré à http://www.rst-sante-travail.fr/rst/dms/dmt/ArticleDMT/QuestionsReponses/TI-RST-QR-123/qr123.pdf
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Cleaning and disinfecting products consisting of a mixture of hydrogen peroxide (HP), peracetic acid (PAA), and acetic acid (AA) are widely used as sporicidal agents in health care, childcare, agricultural, food service, and food production industries. HP and PAA are strong oxidants and their mixture is a recognized asthmagen. However, few exposure assessment studies to date have measured HP, PAA, and AA in a health care setting. In 2015, the authors performed a health and exposure assessment at a hospital where a new sporicidal product, consisting of HP, PAA, and AA was introduced 16 months prior.
Source: Hawley, Brie, Casey, Megan, Virji, Mohammad, Abbas, Cummings, Kristin J., Johnson, Alyson, & Cox-Ganser, Jean. (2017). Annals of Work Exposures and Health. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxx087
ÉQUIPEMENTS DE PROTECTION
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Protéger les travailleurs du froid: mieux comprendre pour mieux agir
Les ouvriers de l’industrie alimentaire de transformation sont exposés, plusieurs heures par jour, à des températures comprises entre 0 et +10°C pour maintenir la chaine du froid (à des fins de conservation des denrées alimentaires) voire même à des températures inférieures à -20°C pour les produits congelés. La contrainte thermique par le froid peut avoir des conséquences importantes sur la santé (gelures, hypothermie), sur la sécurité (perte de vigilance et de sensibilité) et s’avérer parfois fatale. Le premier article explore les performances cognitives de huit participants humains exposés 24 heures à une température de 7,5°C. Il en découle quelques recommandations en cas d’exposition prolongée au froid. Le second article présente de récents travaux menés sur le transfert de chaleur à travers différentes couches textiles, utilisées dans la conception de vêtement de protection contre le froid (VPF).
Source: Vinches, Ludwig, & Hallé, Stéphane. (2017). Anses: Bulletin de veille scientifique, 32, 52-54. Repéré à http://bvs.mag.anses.fr/sites/default/files/BVS-mg-032-Vinches-Halle.pdf
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Contact transmission of pathogens from personal protective equipment is a concern within the healthcare industry. During public health emergency outbreaks, resources become constrained and the reuse of personal protective equipment, such as N95 filtering facepiece respirators, may be needed. This study was designed to characterize the transfer of bacteriophage MS2 and fluorescein between filtering facepiece respirators and the wearer’s hands during three simulated use scenarios.
Source: Brady, Tyler M., Strauch, Amanda L., Almaguer, Claudia M., Niezgoda, George, Shaffer, Ronald E., Yorio, Pratrick L., & Fisher, Edward M. (2017). Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 14(11), 898-906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459624.2017.1346799
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Do You Have Questions about Disposable Dust Masks? We Have Answers!
Un ajustement, une formation et des évaluations appropriés sont essentiels pour protéger les employés contre l’exposition à des aérosols lorsqu’ils utilisent des masques de protection. Cet article répond aux deux questions les plus fréquemment posées concernant les masques jetables de protection contre les poussières: « Dois-je procéder à tests d’ajustement? » et « À quelle fréquence les employés devraient-ils remplacer leur masque? »
Source: Winship, Rick. (2017, October 12). EHS Today. Respirators. Repéré à http://www.ehstoday.com/respirators/do-you-have-questions-about-disposable-dust-masks-we-have-answers
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If You Have a Needle Safety Device, Activate It
In 56% of needlesticks involving safety devices, the protective mechanism was not activated, the International Safety Center’s Exposure Prevention Information Network (EPINet) reports. It is also important to activate the safety device to protect downstream handlers of medical waste, emphasizes Amber Mitchell, director of the International Safety Center and EPINet. Nurses continue to be at the sharp end of the needle, comprising 39% of reported needlesticks and injuries in recently released EPINet surveillance data.
Source: If You Have a Needle Safety Device, Activate It. (2017, November). Hospital Employee Health, 36(11), 129. Repéré à https://www.ahcmedia.com/articles/141568-if-you-have-a-needle-safety-device-activate-it
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Interview, observational, and discussion group data at 9 health care organizations (HCOs) were collected to better understand elastomeric half-facepiece respirators’ (EHFRs) use. The authors found that HCOs do not routinely use EHFRs as a respiratory protection device (RPD) for health care workers; compliance with other respirator types was less than expected. This finding has important training implications for proper use of all RPDs and EHFRs as an alternative RPD stockpiled for use during a respiratory infectious outbreak.
Source: Brown, Linda Morris, Rogers, Bonnie, Buckheit, Kathleen, & Curran, John Pat. (2017). AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.09.002
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Glove: Use for safety or overuse?
Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids presents a major safety risk for bloodborne viruses to all health care workers (HCWs). In response to human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV), various strategies were adopted to reduce this risk. The most important and cost-effective strategy was the introduction of gloves as part of personal protective equipment (PPE) for all potential or expected exposures to blood and body fluid. Today, the aim of glove use is for the protection of both the care provider and the patient. However, the indications for glove use are now broader than the original intention, with some contemporary authors raising concerns that gloves have inadvertently affected hand hygiene practice before and after the introduction of My 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene. In this article the authors present a historical overview of glove use to explain the changes in the pattern of use over time and call for a safe reduction of glove use to improve hand hygiene practice.
Source: Jain, Susan, Clezy, Kate, & McLaws, Mary-Louise. (2017). AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.08.029
ÉQUIPEMENTS ERGONOMIQUES
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Après un bref rappel sur les démarches de prévention des TMS et de conception des équipements de travail, cet article présente dans un premier temps les difficultés constatées vis-à-vis de leur articulation. Il propose ensuite des « points d’ancrage » pour accompagner, dans un cadre participatif et multidisciplinaire, les temps de recherche de solutions et de décisions. Cette approche doit permettre aux petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) de trouver des réponses à leurs besoins en matière de prévention des TMS très en amont dans le processus de conception d’un équipement de travail. Elle contribue en effet à une meilleure compréhension des leviers favorisant la prise en compte des TMS et à l’élaboration de nouvelles références d’actions vis-à-vis du processus de conception.
Source: Marsot, Jacques, & Atain-Kouadio, Jean-Jacques. (2017). Pistes : Perspectives interdisciplinaires sur le travail et la santé, 19(2), 26 p. Repéré à http://pistes.revues.org/pdf/4993
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Saddle Seat Reduces Musculoskeletal Discomfort in Microsurgery Surgeons
Microsurgery is a surgical procedure that requires a high degree of precision and is commonly facilitated through the use of an intraoperative microscope. When operating the microscope system, the long-term posture and stance lead to fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders in surgeons, and seats are commonly employed to diminish these problems. The present study was conducted to evaluate musculoskeletal discomfort during work with a saddle seat especially designed for people using intraoperative microscopes in comparison with conventional seats for microscopic works. The authors found that the highest amount of discomfort that microsurgical surgeons acquire in the workplace was focused on their neck, shoulder, arm and back, respectively. During the work with a saddle seat, a significant reduction was found for discomfort values in neck, shoulder, arm, back, elbow and forearm, as well as the whole body. Over 89 percent of the participants said that the use of this seat causes increased comfort during operation.
Source: Labbafinejad, Yasser, Ghasemi, Mohammad S., Bagherzadeh, Ali, Aazami, Hossein, Eslami-Farsani, Mnsour, & Dehghan, Naser. (2017). JOSE: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. Prépublication. 22 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2017.1389463
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Les risques professionnels encourus par les utilisateurs d’équipements d’aide à la manutention des personnes ne sont pas toujours bien pris en compte lors de leur conception. À travers l’aide du Milo, un équipement d’aide au transfert de personnes et à la toilette, l’INRS a élaboré des recommandations pour intégrer la prévention de ces risques dès la conception des aides techniques et limiter ainsi les efforts liés à leur utilisation.
Source: Gille, Stéphane, & Kerangueven, Laurent. (2017, Juillet/août/Septembre). Hygiène & sécurité du travail, 248, 50-56. Repéré à http://www.hst.fr/dms/hst/data/articles/HST/TI-NT-52/nt52.pdf
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Trois nouvelles vidéos PDSB Enfants
Relever un enfant au sol comporte un risque important de blessures pour les intervenants. Il faut faire travailler l’enfant au maximum de ses capacités pour qu’il puisse se relever du sol et éviter tout soulèvement effectué par l’intervenant. Si l’enfant ne peut se relever par lui-même, il faut opter pour des équipements qui mécanisent la tâche afin de la rendre sécuritaire, tels que: la veste de transfert, le Raizer, la chaise élévatrice. Ces vidéos s’ajoutent aux onze autres vidéos déjà disponibles sur le site de l’ASSTSAS.
Source: Association paritaire pour la santé et la sécurité du travail du secteur affaires sociales. (2017, Octobre). Vidéos PDSB enfants. [Vidéo en ligne]. Repéré à http://asstsas.qc.ca/themes-pdsb/videos-pdsb-enfants
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International Round Table Discussion: Do Gait Belts Have a Role in Safe Patient Handling Programs?
The question as to whether gait, transfer, or handling belts have any place in safe patient handling has been much debated here in the USA and beyond. Originally intended as a support tool for physical therapists when mobilizing their patients, the gait belt seemed to quickly transfer into an essential tool for the clinical nurse, who would place it around the patient’s waist before proceeding to transfer (often pulling) them from bed to chair/commode and back again. This technique has often been taught alongside the essential components of manual lifting. This discussion between physical therapists from New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States looks at how gait/transfer/handling belts are used in their respective countries, explores who the most appropriate group is to use them, and in what circumstances they can safely be used.
Source: Miller, H., Rockefeller, K., & Townsend, P. (2017). International Journal of SPHM, 7(3). Repéré à https://sphmjournal.com/product/international-round-table-discussion-gait-belts-role-safe-patient-handling-programs/.
ERGONOMIE (EN GÉNÉRAL)
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Changing Your Work Environment to Reduce Ergonomic Injuries
According to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), around 20 percent of days of missed work are due to injuries that happen as a result of poor office design. Companies that consider their employees’ work environment and how it can affect health and efficiency potentially can reduce workplace injuries. Most organizations see the frequency of ergonomic-related injuries and costs grow each year. The simple fact is that people need to perform physical work, whether at a factory, store or an office. Finding good workers is half the battle. Now, you need to keep them healthy and productive.
Source: Smagacz, Jeffrey. (2017, October 25). OHS Today. Health. Repéré à http://www.ehstoday.com/health/changing-your-work-environment-reduce-ergonomic-injuries
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Health and social care ergonomics: patient safety in practice
This Special Issue on Human Factors in Healthcare was suggested by Prof. Sara Albolino, at the IEA Triennial Congress in 2015 (Melbourne, Australia) as current Chair of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA) Technical Group on Healthcare. It provides a collection of papers to illustrate current research which is helping to introduce and implement Ergonomics (Human Factors) theory and practice into health care.
Source: Hignett, Sue, Albolino, Sara, & Catchpole, Ken. (2017). Ergonomics.
Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2017.1386454
ÉTABLISSEMENTS D’HÉBERGEMENT
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Les préposées font face à un ensemble de contraintes importantes reliées à leurs conditions de travail. Cet article présente brièvement, dans un premier temps, les apports des perspectives féministes pour cerner cette problématique. Dans un deuxième temps, trois difficultés rencontrées par les préposées quant à leurs conditions de travail seront documentées, soit les bas salaires, la lourdeur de la charge de travail et la charge émotive importante. Dans un troisième temps, une réflexion autour des entraves à la valorisation et à l’amélioration des conditions de travail des préposées sera proposée. Les auteurs terminent en proposant une piste d’action pour la valorisation des préposées, soit la prise en compte de la complexité de leur expérience de travail.
Source: Bergeron-Vachon, Frédérike, & Cardinal, Jasmine. (2017, Automne). Vie et vieillissement, 14(4), 45-51. Repéré à http://www.aqg-quebec.org/revue-vie-et-vieillissement/toutes-les-revues/achat/337
ÉVALUATION DES RISQUES
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The goal of this study was to describe the development and application of an inspection tool and a process for identifying hazards inherent in the modifiable aspects of the physical environment to reduce injury risk to hospital workers. Through an iterative and participatory process, the tool and inspection process were developed with three purposes in mind: (a) create a framework for the inspection of physical work environments and physical conditions of work associated with injury risk (hazards), (b) document the physical conditions, and (c) provide feedback to decision makers. The tool and process were used by an ergonomics researcher on four patient care units as part of the Be Well, Work Well Total Worker Health® intervention.
Source: Grant, Michael, P., Okechukwu, Cassandra A., Hopcia, Karen, Sorensen, Glorian, & Dennerlein, Jack T. (2017). Workplace Health & Safety. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917718852
FORMATION EN SST
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Plusieurs obstacles entravent l’application des bonnes pratiques de prévention des TMS chez le personnel du secteur des soins de santé. C’est ce que démontre une étude dont l’objet était de comprendre les raisons pour lesquelles le personnel infirmier subit encore des TMS alors que les données probantes pour mieux les prévenir sont facilement accessibles. Ces barrières se situent à l’étape de l’application des connaissances et non de l’acquisition ou de l’appropriation de celles-ci, ce qui suggère qu’elles relèvent davantage des milieux de travail. Parmi celles-ci, on trouve: le décalage entre les conditions d’application des mesures préventives lors des formations et celles en milieu de travail; les difficultés d’accès aux équipements de manutention; une culture qui valorise peu les comportements sécuritaires. L’étude suggère notamment de mieux sensibiliser les cadres à l’intégration des pratiques préventives aux routines organisationnelles, d’offrir davantage de formation adaptée au contexte de chaque établissement et la possibilité de pratiquer les techniques de manipulation sur les lieux de travail.
Source: Ziam, Saliha, Lakhal, Sawsen, Laroche, Éléna, Alderson, Marie, & Gagné, Charles. (2017). Montréal: Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, xiii, 133 p. (Rapport scientifique; R-985). Repéré à http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/PubIRSST/R-985.pdf?v=2017-10-26
FUMÉES CHIRURGICALES
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Smokin’ in the OR: Society Aims to Protect Personnel, Patients From Harmful Fumes
The days of lighting up a cigarette in airplanes and restaurants may be of a bygone era, but when it comes to the operating room, the exposure to hazardous smoke continues to flourish. While recent studies show that the latest « silent killer » may be a conventional day in the OR, the Association of periOperative Registered Nurses Go Clear program aims to bring awareness to the harmful effects of surgical smoke and introduces guidelines to protect the health of practitioners and their patients.
Source: Duffy, Brigid. (2017, October 20). General Surgery News. Repéré à http://www.generalsurgerynews.com/In-the-News/Article/10-17/Smokin-in-the-OR/44938/ses=ogst?enl=true
GESTION – LEADERSHIP
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Workplace Bullying in Hospitals Affects Patient Care
New study says patients are negatively impacted if healthcare workers are bullied. Nurses subject to hazing, harassment and bullying are a « significant » factor in the dynamics of patient care, work culture and job retention, according to research from the Emergency Nurses Association. The study, published in the International Emergency Nursing Journal, used situational analysis to obtain experiences and opinions from 44 nurses.
Source: Valentic Stefanie. (2017, October 27). EHS Today. Health. Repéré à http://www.ehstoday.com/health/workplace-bullying-hospitals-affects-patient-care
POUR ACCÉDER À L’ARTICLE ORIGINAL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1755599X17301349?via%3Dihub
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Association of the nurse work environment with nurse incivility in hospitals
Workplace incivility can negatively affect nurses, hospitals and patients. Plentiful evidence documents that nurses working in better nurse work environments have improved job and health outcomes. There is minimal knowledge about how nurse coworker incivility relates to the United States nurse work environment. This study aimed to determine whether coworker incivility is associated with the nurse work environment, defined as organisational characteristics that promote nurse autonomy. The results showed that supportive nurse managers reduce coworker incivility.
Source: Smith, Jessica G., Morin, Karen H., & Lake, Eileen T. (2017). Journal of Nursing Management. Prépublication. 8 p. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12537
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The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between, and factors influencing, staff nurse perceptions of nurse manager caring (NMC) and the perceived exposure to workplace bullying (WPB) in multiple healthcare settings. Workplace bullying is commonplace, increasing, and detrimental to the health and availability of our nursing workforce. Positive relationships between a nurse manager (NM) and staff increase staff satisfaction and reduce turnover. Still unknown, however, is whether a caring relationship between manager and staff can reduce staff nurse perception of exposure to WPB. This study highlights the importance of caring leadership to reduce exposure to negative behaviors. The data lend support to the idea of educating NMs regarding the application of caring behaviors to support staff at the point of care.
Source: Olender, Lynda. (2017). JONA: Journal of Nursing Administration, 47(10), 501-507. doi: 10.1097/NNA.0000000000000522
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Intégrer la SST à la culture de l’organisation
Que doit-on penser du programme comportemental? Voilà une question fréquemment posée. Pour y répondre, l’auteur reprends à son compte une citation du regretté humoriste français Michel Coluche « Je ne suis ni pour ni contre, bien au contraire. » En fait, selon l’auteur, ce n’est pas le programme qui fait le travail, ce sont les gens qui s’en servent. Ce ne sont pas les outils qui font le travail, ce sont les mains de l’artisan.
Source: Pérusse, Michel. (2017, Septembre). Travail et santé, 33(3), 24-27.
CET ARTICLE N’EST PAS DISPONIBLE EN VERSION ÉLECTRONIQUE
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Avez-vous eu de vraies vacances?
On donne des semaines de vacances aux employés qui y ont droit, mais on ne leur retire pas les tâches qu’ils auraient eu à accomplir durant ces mêmes semaines. En d’autres termes, les gens gardent le droit de s’absenter durant les vacances, mais personne n’assumera leurs tâches durant ce temps et presque tout le monde s’attendra à ce qu’ils rattrapent le « temps perdu » à leur retour. Les vacances, théoriquement libres de travail, seraient-elles devenues du temps de travail « à remettre », comme une sorte de dette de travail?
Source: Lafleur, Jacques. (2017, Septembre). Travail et santé, 33(3), 28-29.
CET ARTICLE N’EST PAS DISPONIBLE EN VERSION ÉLECTRONIQUE
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Drawing on social learning literature, this study examined managers’ health awareness and health behavior (health-related self-regulation) as a moderator of the relationships between transformational leadership and employee exhaustion and cynicism. In 2 organizations, employees rated their own exhaustion and cynicism, and their managers’ transformational leadership. Managers assessed their own health-related self-regulation. Drawing on social learning literature, this study examined managers’ health awareness and health behavior (health-related self-regulation) as a moderator of the relationships between transformational leadership and employee exhaustion and cynicism. In 2 organizations, employees rated their own exhaustion and cynicism, and their managers’ transformational leadership. Managers assessed their own health-related self-regulation.
Source: Kranabetter, C., & Niessen, C. (2017). Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(4), 492-502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000044
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The effects of organisational culture on nurses’ perceptions of their work
This study aimed to analyse the relationship between the organisational culture and feelings of pleasure and suffering among working nursing professionals. The external integration practice was the domain most frequently found in the organisational culture and the feeling of pleasure–gratification predominated among the workers. Values of cooperative professionalism and wellbeing, and practices of external integration and relationship promotion, were related to increased pleasure and decreased suffering at work. These aspects depend on the organisational culture of the institution. Investigating organisational culture facilitates the understanding of potential collective coping strategies and the organisational changes that favour good mental health in nurses.
Source: Garcia, AB, Rocha, FLR, Pissinati, PSC, Marziale, MHP, Camelo, SHH, & Haddad, MEDCFL. (2017). BJN: British Journal of Nursing, 26(14), 806-812. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2017.26.14.806
GESTION DE LA SST
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Autopsie d’un processus de gestion – Partie 1
Est-il possible de rendre le processus de gestion Lean? Répondre à une telle question peut paraitre simple, mais ce n’est pas le cas. Expliquer comment éviter l’inefficacité, éliminer les tâches à faible valeur ajoutée et minimiser le gaspillage n’est pas une mince affaire. On parle ici de prendre conscience du gaspillage de temps et d’efforts rendus nécessaires par un système de gestion classique, soit celui qui implique trop souvent des procédures en format papier dans des cartables ou en format informatique.
Source: Mc Carthy, Ulysse. (2017, Septembre). Travail et santé, 33(3), 20-21.
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Returning to work is a complex process in which different stakeholders are involved and have to co-operate. The aim of this study is to gain an understanding of the return-to-work (RTW) process of workers on sick leave with CMDs, and of the RTW barriers and facilitators from a multi-stakeholder perspective. The perspective of important stakeholder groups on barriers and facilitators and their own role in the RTW process were explored in four focus groups, i.e. with mental health professionals, occupational health professionals, general physicians and managers (PART A). Workers’ own perspectives on what had led to sickness absence, as well as on RTW barriers and facilitators, were explored using face-to-face interviews with three sub-groups of workers: workers with CMDs on short-, medium- and long-term sickness absence. All workers were interviewed twice to fully capture the nature of the RTW process (PART B).
Source: Joosen, Margot, Arends, Iris, Lugtenberg, Marjolein, van Gestel, Hanneke, Schaapveld, Benedikte, van der Klink, Jac,… Brouwers, Evelien. (2017). Barriers to and facilitators of return to work after sick leave in workers with common mental disorders: Perspectives of workers, mental health professionals, occupational health professionals, general physicians and managers. Leicestershire (GB): Institution of Occupational Safety and Health, 65 p. Repéré à https://www.iosh.co.uk/~/media/Documents/Books%20and%20resources/Tilburg%20full%20report%20final.pdf?la=en
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Nature of Injury and Risk of Multiple Claims Among Workers in Manitoba Health Care
In industrial societies, work-related musculoskeletal disorders are common among workers, frequently resulting in recurrent injuries, work disability, and multiple compensation claims. The risk of idiopathic musculoskeletal injuries is thought to be more than twice the risk of any other health problem among workers in the health care sector. This risk is highly prevalent particularly among workers whose job involves frequent physical tasks, such as patient lifting and transfer. Workers with recurrent occupational injuries are likely to submit multiple work disability claims and progress to long-term disability. The objective of this study was to explore the influence of injury type and worker characteristics on multiple compensation claims, using workers’ compensation claims data. This retrospective study analyzed 11 years of secondary claims data for health care workers.
Source: Oranye, Nelson Ositadimma. (2017). Workplace Health & Safety. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917728942
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The aim of the current study is to address this identified gap in knowledge by conducting a systematic review of the literature. The central objective is to collate, review and synthesise evidence-based economic estimations of the burden of psychosocial workplace aggression at the level of the individual and society. More specifically, the systematic review aims to: (i) describe the identified studies; (ii) classify and categorise the identified cost-of-illness studies according to their main objectives and their methodological approach; (iii) compare the results of the studies and (iv) consider the implications of such findings for the field of OHP.
Source: Hassard, Juliet, Teoh, Kevin R.H., Visockaite, Gintare, Dewe, Philip, & Cox, Tom. (2017). Work & Stress. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2017.1380726
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Pratiques des milieux de travail pour assurer un retour en emploi sain et durable
Au Québec, la Loi sur les accidents du travail et des maladies professionnelles (LATMP), prévoit un droit de retour au travail lorsque le travailleur redevient capable d’exercer son métier. Les organisations et les travailleurs sont donc directement concernés par la mise en place de solutions de retour au travail (RaT) adéquates, durables et efficaces. Alors que la littérature récente nous renseigne abondamment sur les principes d’intervention basés sur les données probantes permettant un RaT sain et durable (pratiques exemplaires), les pratiques des milieux de travail à cet égard auprès des travailleurs ayant subi un trouble musculosquelettique (TMS) ont été, à ce jour, peu étudiées. Cette étude vise à évaluer les écarts éventuels entre les pratiques exemplaires de RaT, basées sur des données probantes, et les pratiques actuelles des milieux de travail pour, par la suite, proposer des pistes d’amélioration.
Source: Nastasia, Iuliana, Durand, Marie-José, Coutu, Marie-France, Collinge, Cécile, & Cibotaru, Ana. (2017). Montréal: Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, xv, 11 p. (Rapports scientifiques; R-983). Repéré à http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/PubIRSST/R-983.pdf?v=2017-11-01
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Systematic review: Factors associated with return to work in burnout
Professional burnout predicts sick leave and even permanent withdrawal from the labour force. However, knowledge of the barriers to and facilitators of return to work (RTW) in such burnout is limited. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with RTW of burned-out individuals to inform occupational health care (OHC) RTW policy.
Source: Kärkkäinen, R., Saaranen, T., Hiltunen, S., Ryynänen, O.P., & Räsänen, K. (2017). Occupational Medicine, 67(6), 461-468. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqx093
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This study estimated the cost and return on investment (ROI) of an intervention targeting work-family conflict (WFC) in the extended care industry. Costs to deliver the intervention during a group-randomized controlled trial were estimated, and data on organizational costs, presenteeism, health care costs, voluntary termination, and sick time, were collected from interviews and administrative data. The intervention was associated with a $668 reduction in health care costs.
Source: Dowd, William N., Bray, Jeremy W., Barbosa, Carolina, Brockwood, Krista, Kaiser, David J., Mills, Michael J.,… Wipfli, Brad. (2017). JOEM: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 59(10), 956-965. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001097
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This study estimated the economic burden of lung cancer and mesothelioma due to occupational and para-occupational asbestos exposure in Canada. The authors estimated the lifetime cost of newly diagnosed lung cancer and mesothelioma cases associated with occupational and para-occupational asbestos exposure for calendar year 2011 based on the societal perspective. The key cost components considered are healthcare costs, productivity and output costs, and quality of life costs. The results showed that economic burden of lung cancer and mesothelioma associated with occupational and para-occupational asbestos exposure is substantial. The estimate identified is for 2331 newly diagnosed, occupational and para-occupational exposure cases in 2011, so it is only a portion of the burden of existing cases in that year. Our findings provide important information for policy decision makers for priority setting, in particular the merits of banning the mining of asbestos and use of products containing asbestos in countries where they are still allowed and also the merits of asbestos removal in older buildings with asbestos insulation.
Source: Tompa, Emile, Kalcevich, Christina, McLeod, Chris, Lebeau, Martin, Song, Chaojie, McLeod, Kim,… Demers, Paul A. Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 74(11), 816-822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-104173
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The objectives of this study was to describe: (1) nurses’ physical and mental health; (2) the relationship between health and medical errors; and (3) the association between nurses’ perceptions of wellness support and their health. A cross sectional descriptive survey was conducted with 1,790 nurses across the U.S. The results showed that wellness must be a high priority for healthcare systems to optimize health in clinicians to enhance high quality care and decrease the odds of costly preventable medical errors.
Source: Melnyk BM, Orsolini L, Tan A, Arslanian-Engoren C, Melkus GD, Dunbar-Jacob J, … Lewis LM. (2017). JOEM: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Prépublication. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001198
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Changing Your Work Environment to Reduce Ergonomic Injuries
According to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), around 20 percent of days of missed work are due to injuries that happen as a result of poor office design. Companies that consider their employees’ work environment and how it can affect health and efficiency potentially can reduce workplace injuries. Most organizations see the frequency of ergonomic-related injuries and costs grow each year. The simple fact is that people need to perform physical work, whether at a factory, store or an office. Finding good workers is half the battle. Now, you need to keep them healthy and productive.
Source: Smagacz, Jeffrey. (2017, October 25). OHS Today. Health. Repéré à http://www.ehstoday.com/health/changing-your-work-environment-reduce-ergonomic-injuries
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Plusieurs obstacles entravent l’application des bonnes pratiques de prévention des TMS chez le personnel du secteur des soins de santé. C’est ce que démontre une étude dont l’objet était de comprendre les raisons pour lesquelles le personnel infirmier subit encore des TMS alors que les données probantes pour mieux les prévenir sont facilement accessibles. Ces barrières se situent à l’étape de l’application des connaissances et non de l’acquisition ou de l’appropriation de celles-ci, ce qui suggère qu’elles relèvent davantage des milieux de travail. Parmi celles-ci, on trouve: le décalage entre les conditions d’application des mesures préventives lors des formations et celles en milieu de travail; les difficultés d’accès aux équipements de manutention; une culture qui valorise peu les comportements sécuritaires. L’étude suggère notamment de mieux sensibiliser les cadres à l’intégration des pratiques préventives aux routines organisationnelles, d’offrir davantage de formation adaptée au contexte de chaque établissement et la possibilité de pratiquer les techniques de manipulation sur les lieux de travail.
Source: Ziam, Saliha, Lakhal, Sawsen, Laroche, Éléna, Alderson, Marie, & Gagné, Charles. (2017). Montréal: Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, xiii, 133 p. (Rapport scientifique; R-985). Repéré à http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/PubIRSST/R-985.pdf?v=2017-10-26
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Intégrer la SST à la culture de l’organisation
Que doit-on penser du programme comportemental? Voilà une question fréquemment posée. Pour y répondre, l’auteur reprends à son compte une citation du regretté humoriste français Michel Coluche « Je ne suis ni pour ni contre, bien au contraire. » En fait, selon l’auteur, ce n’est pas le programme qui fait le travail, ce sont les gens qui s’en servent. Ce ne sont pas les outils qui font le travail, ce sont les mains de l’artisan.
Source: Pérusse, Michel. (2017, Septembre). Travail et santé, 33(3), 24-27.
CET ARTICLE N’EST PAS DISPONIBLE EN VERSION ÉLECTRONIQUE
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Labour Ministers across Canada are working on a two-year plan to harmonize Canada’s occupational health and safety regulations, which were drawn along juridisctional lines. Will the move towards a more seamless legislative framework help or hinder workplace safety? The ministers of labour presented the federal government with an action plan on how to identify areas of harmonization and move forward on creating harmonized regulations. Opportunities for harmonization identified in the work plan include first aid, personal protective equipement, CSA Group standards, ocupational exposure limits, compliance and enforcement cooperation, equipment standards, information sharing and new and emerging regulations.
Source: Lian, Jean. (2017, September). OHS Canada, 33(5), 18-20. Repéré à http://www.mydigitalpublication.com/publication/?i=443863#{« issue_id »:443863, »page »:18}
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Repérage et prise en charge cliniques du syndrome d’épuisement professionnel ou burnout
Cette fiche mémo porte sur la définition du syndrome d’épuisement professionnel, son repérage, sa prise en charge et l’accompagnement des patients lors de leur retour au travail. Les cibles professionnelles de ces recommandations sont prioritairement les médecins généralistes et les médecins des services de santé au travail. La population cible concerne tout travailleur quel que soit son statut. Elle est néanmoins indispensable dans une démarche de prévention du burnout. Les médecins généralistes et médecins du travail sont invités à faire le lien entre le diagnostic individuel et les facteurs de risques inhérents aux situations de travail.
Source: Repérage et prise en charge cliniques du syndrome d’épuisement professionnel ou burnout. (2017, Septembre). Références en santé au travail, 151, 71-74. Repéré à http://www.inrs.fr/dms/inrs/CataloguePapier/DMT/TI-TM-41/tm41.pdf
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La maitrise des risques, cette incomprise
La plupart des organisations sont aujourd’hui à l’aise avec le concept d’analyse de risque au sens managérial. Elles ont compris l’utilité d’une telle démarche en termes de planification santé et sécurité du travail et de l’environnement (SSE) sur les plans de diligence et financier. Toutefois, lorsqu’on scrute leur processus, on s’aperçoit souvent que les moyens de maitrise des risques sont souvent laissés pour compte, On tient pour acquis que les moyens de contrôle sont en place et qu’ils y resteront. Erreur!
Source: Laberge, Marie. (Septembre 2017). Travail et santé, 33(3), 28-29.
CET ARTICLE N’EST PAS DISPONIBLE EN VERSION ÉLECTRONIQUE
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Lésions avec atteinte permanente à l’intégrité physique ou psychique: Analyse du risque au Québec
En 2012, les lésions professionnelles avec atteinte permanente à l’intégrité physique ou psychique (APIPP) constituaient 12 % de tous les accidents traumatiques (AT) et des troubles musculosquelettiques (TMS) acceptés, mais elles ont occasionné la moitié des jours indemnisés et des débours versés par la CNESST pour ces types de lésions. Pourtant, les connaissances relatives aux groupes de travailleurs les plus à risque de subir ce type de lésions au Québec demeurent limitées de même que pour les facteurs associés à ce risque. Cette étude vise à identifier, en s’appuyant sur les données de la période 2010-2012, les sous-groupes de travailleurs dont le risque de subir un AT ou un TMS avec APIPP est le plus élevé et à analyser, pour la période 2003-2012, l’évolution temporelle de ce risque au sein de divers sous-groupes. L’étude permet aussi de déterminer les facteurs qui sont les plus fortement associés à la survenue d’une APIPP, en contrôlant l’effet des autres variables analysées.
Source: Busque, Marc-Antoine, & Duguay, Patrice. (2017). Montréal: Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, xviii, 29 p. (Rapports scientifiques; R-976). Repéré à http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/PubIRSST/R-976.pdf?v=2017-10-19
GESTION DES RISQUES
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La maitrise des risques, cette incomprise
La plupart des organisations sont aujourd’hui à l’aise avec le concept d’analyse de risque au sens managérial. Elles ont compris l’utilité d’une telle démarche en termes de planification santé et sécurité du travail et de l’environnement (SSE) sur les plans de diligence et financier. Toutefois, lorsqu’on scrute leur processus, on s’aperçoit souvent que les moyens de maitrise des risques sont souvent laissés pour compte, On tient pour acquis que les moyens de contrôle sont en place et qu’ils y resteront. Erreur!
Source: Laberge, Marie. (Septembre 2017). Travail et santé, 33(3), 28-29.
CET ARTICLE N’EST PAS DISPONIBLE EN VERSION ÉLECTRONIQUE
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L’évolution des connaissances cliniques en prévention et contrôle des infections (PCI) , l’expérience québécoise acquise dans le domaine ainsi que les changements législatifs et organisationnels découlant de la Loi modifiant l’organisation et la gouvernance du réseau de la santé et des services sociaux notamment par l’abolition des agences régionales, entrée en vigueur le 1er avril 2015, ont justifié la révision du cadre de référence dont la première édition remontait à 2006. Ce document a pour but de soutenir les établissements de santé dans la mise en œuvre du programme PCI. Il s’adresse particulièrement aux gestionnaires du réseau, aux équipes de PCI, aux comités de PCI ainsi qu’aux comités de gestion des risques. À la fin de chacun des chapitres, un aide-mémoire permet aux utilisateurs d’avoir un aperçu de la démarche et des activités à cibler dans chacun des champs d’activité.
Source: Anctil, Geneviève, Beaudreau, Lucie, Bégin, Nathalie, Bolduc, Daniel, Dancause, Valérie, Frenette, Charles,… Tremblay, Madeleine. (2017). [Québec]: Direction des comunications du ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux, 187p. Repéré à http://publications.msss.gouv.qc.ca/msss/fichiers/2017/17-209-01W.pdf
VOIR AUSSI le document sommaire: http://publications.msss.gouv.qc.ca/msss/fichiers/2017/17-209-02W.pdf
HARCÈLEMENT AU TRAVAIL
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The aim of the current study is to address this identified gap in knowledge by conducting a systematic review of the literature. The central objective is to collate, review and synthesise evidence-based economic estimations of the burden of psychosocial workplace aggression at the level of the individual and society. More specifically, the systematic review aims to: (i) describe the identified studies; (ii) classify and categorise the identified cost-of-illness studies according to their main objectives and their methodological approach; (iii) compare the results of the studies and (iv) consider the implications of such findings for the field of OHP.
Source: Hassard, Juliet, Teoh, Kevin R.H., Visockaite, Gintare, Dewe, Philip, & Cox, Tom. (2017). Work & Stress. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2017.1380726
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Workplace Bullying in Hospitals Affects Patient Care
New study says patients are negatively impacted if healthcare workers are bullied. Nurses subject to hazing, harassment and bullying are a « significant » factor in the dynamics of patient care, work culture and job retention, according to research from the Emergency Nurses Association. The study, published in the International Emergency Nursing Journal, used situational analysis to obtain experiences and opinions from 44 nurses.
Source: Valentic Stefanie. (2017, October 27). EHS Today. Health. Repéré à http://www.ehstoday.com/health/workplace-bullying-hospitals-affects-patient-care
POUR ACCÉDER À L’ARTICLE ORIGINAL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1755599X17301349?via%3Dihub
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The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between, and factors influencing, staff nurse perceptions of nurse manager caring (NMC) and the perceived exposure to workplace bullying (WPB) in multiple healthcare settings. Workplace bullying is commonplace, increasing, and detrimental to the health and availability of our nursing workforce. Positive relationships between a nurse manager (NM) and staff increase staff satisfaction and reduce turnover. Still unknown, however, is whether a caring relationship between manager and staff can reduce staff nurse perception of exposure to WPB. This study highlights the importance of caring leadership to reduce exposure to negative behaviors. The data lend support to the idea of educating NMs regarding the application of caring behaviors to support staff at the point of care.
Source: Olender, Lynda. (2017). JONA: Journal of Nursing Administration, 47(10), 501-507. doi: 10.1097/NNA.0000000000000522
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Harcèlement ou comportement déplacé: que dit la loi?
Quelle est la différence entre un flirt agressif, un comportement déplacé et du harcèlement sexuel? Lequel peut mener à des accusations criminelles? Où tracer la ligne? De nombreux reportages ont récemment exposé des cas de comportements sexuels graves chez des personnalités publiques: l’affaire Ghomeshi, l’affaire Weinstein, ou encore les allégations d’inconduite sexuelle d’Éric Salvail rapportées mercredi matin par La Presse, en sont quelques exemples. Ces histoires soulèvent plusieurs questions d’ordre juridique. Dans une entrevue accordée à Patrice Roy, l’avocate-criminaliste Danièle Roy explique qu’il existe une différence fondamentale entre un « comportement sexuel inacceptable, un comportement inacceptable dans un milieu de travail, et un comportement qui peut mener à des accusations criminelles ». Décortiquons.
Source: Harcèlement ou comportement déplacé: que dit la loi? (2017, 18 octobre). Radio-Canada. Justice et faits divers. Repéré à http://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/1062188/harcelement-sexuel-notions-juridiques-loi
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This study investigates the defining features that distinguish workplace bullying from interpersonal conflict, being frequency, negative social behaviour, power imbalance, length and perceived intent, by contrasting the characteristics of conflict incidents in a group of workplace bullying victims versus a group of non-victims.
Source: Baillien, Elfi, Escartin, Jordi, Gross, Claudia, & Zapf, Dieter. (2017). European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. Prépublication. 12 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2017.1385601
HORAIRE DE TRAVAIL
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Chronotype, Sleep Characteristics, and Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Hospital Nurses
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) persist as the leading occupational injury, accounting for nearly half of nurses’ total occupational injuries. Musculoskeletal pain is a known cause of sleep disruption, and individuals with WMSDs that interfere with sleep often report more pain. Evening chronotype has been associated with poor sleep among nurses. However, the associations among chronotype, sleep, and WMSDs are still unclear, and were explored in the present study. This study suggests that well-designed evidence-based non pharmacological interventions to improve sleep may reduce the risk of WMSDs among nurses.
Source: Zhang, Yuan, Duffy, Jeanne F., de Castillero, Elizabeth R., & Wang, Kefang. (2017). Workplace Health & Safety. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917704671
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Night Shift Work and Its Health Effects on Nurses
The purpose of this research was to study night shift work and its health effects on nurses. This was a quantitative study using descriptive design; it also incorporated three qualitative open-ended questions to complement the study. Results indicated that there is an increased risk of sleep deprivation, family stressors, and mood changes because of working the night shift. Rotating shifts were mentioned as a major concern for night shift nurses. Respondents agreed that complaints about fatigue and fatigue-related illnesses in night shift workers were ignored. There was also a general perception among nurses working the night shift that sleep deprivation leads to negative health consequences including obesity; however, they were not as high a concern as rotating shifts or fatigue.
Source: Books, Candle, Coody, Leon C., Kauffman, Ryan, & Abraham, Sam. (2017). The Health Care Manager, 36(4), 347-353. doi: 10.1097/HCM.0000000000000177
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The impact of shift work on sleep quality among nurses
Shift work is common among nurses, and it is known to be a workplace hazard as it may cause poor sleep quality, which can impact adversely on the health and safety of nurses and their patients. This study aims to explore factors that contribute to poor sleep quality in shift working nurses (SWNs) compared with non-shift working nurses (NSWNs) and to assess the awareness of support from occupational health.
Source: McDowall, K., Murphy, E., & Anderson, K. (2017). Occupational Medicine. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqx152
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Many professional carers also have their own personal caring responsibilities. In many cases, it’s their personal experience of caring, and the values that go with it, that make them good carers. To solve the crisis of recruitment and retention in social care, employers need to design jobs which are, as far as possible, compatible with carers’ non-work lives. This ‘compatible scheduling’ has the potential to improve quality of care: care quality may be compromised just as much by constant change of personnel as by lack of skills. By reducing the cost of staff turnover, it can also save money for employers. Timewise set out to explore how jobs could be enhanced within domiciliary care, by making them more compatible with carers’ non-work commitments while ensuring quality of care was maintained.
Source: Timewise Foundation. (2017). London (GB): Timewise, 23 p. Repéré à https://timewise.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/1957-Timewise-Caring-by-Design-report-Under-200MB.pdf
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This study aims to investigate the role of daily vitality as an energy-based mechanism through which sleep quantity and quality relate to proactive behavior. In addition, we propose that daily self-efficacy forms a contingency condition in that self-efficacy facilitates the translation of vitality into proactive behavior. The results suggest that organizations aiming to boost daily proactivity in employees can benefit from increasing employees’ self-efficacy and supporting them in developing strategies to ensure sufficient vitality. One such strategy is improving sleep quality. This study extends the literature on dynamics in proactive work behavior and its well-being-related antecedents by exploring both vitality as an underlying energetic mechanism and daily self-efficacy as a boundary condition.
Source: Schmitt, Antje, Belschak, Frank D., & Den Hartog, Deanne. N. (2017). Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(4), 443-454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000041
HYGIÈNE ET SALUBRITÉ
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Suboptimal application of disinfectants is a common problem in health care facilities. Several studies have demonstrated that only about half of high-touch surfaces in hospital rooms are typically wiped during postdischarge cleaning. With monitoring and feedback, thoroughness of cleaning can be significantly improved. An additional strategy to improve the thoroughness of cleaning might be to enhance the visibility of disinfectants such that environmental services personnel can easily visualize sites where disinfectant has been applied and sites that have been missed.
Source: Mustapha, Aishat, Cadnum, Jennifer L., Alhmidi, Heba, & Donskey, Curtis J. AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.09.019
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Associations Between Disinfection By-Product Exposures and Craniofacial Birth Defects
The purpose ofthis study was to examine associations between craniofacial birth defects (CFDs) and disinfection by-product (DBP) exposures, including the sum of four trihalomethanes (THM4) and five haloacetic acids (HAA5) (i.e., DBP9). This is the first epidemiological study of DBPs to examine eye and ear defects, as well as HAAs and CFDs. The associations for cleft palate and eye defects highlight the importance of examining specific defects, and of examining DBPs beyond THM4.
Source: Kaufman, John A., Wright, J. Michael, Evans, Amanda, Rivera-Núñez, Zorimar, Meyer, Amy, & Narotsky, Michael G. (2017). JOEM: Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine. Prépublication. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001191
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Emerging Fungus Can Colonize Skin for Months
Employee health professionals should be aware of an emerging new multidrug-resistant fungal « superbug, » Candida auris. This pathogen spreads more like bacteria than fungi and can colonize the skin for prolonged periods, the CDC reports. « We have [patients] who have had it on their skin for nine months, so it seems to be very [capable of] surviving on skin, » says Tom Chiller, chief of the CDC Mycotic Diseases Branch. « We also know that it survives really well on surfaces, plastic, floors, windowsills, beds, desks. It can clearly survive in the environment and it is also more challenging to kill. » The CDC is recommending that environmental cleaning workers use powerful sporicidals, similar to what is used for Clostridium difficile, to eradicate C. auris on surfaces.
Source: Emerging Fungus Can Colonize Skin for Months. (2017, November). Hospital Employee Health, 36(11), 130-131. Repéré à https://www.ahcmedia.com/articles/141569-emerging-fungus-can-colonize-skin-for-months
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Cleaning and disinfecting products consisting of a mixture of hydrogen peroxide (HP), peracetic acid (PAA), and acetic acid (AA) are widely used as sporicidal agents in health care, childcare, agricultural, food service, and food production industries. HP and PAA are strong oxidants and their mixture is a recognized asthmagen. However, few exposure assessment studies to date have measured HP, PAA, and AA in a health care setting. In 2015, the authors performed a health and exposure assessment at a hospital where a new sporicidal product, consisting of HP, PAA, and AA was introduced 16 months prior.
Source: Hawley, Brie, Casey, Megan, Virji, Mohammad, Abbas, Cummings, Kristin J., Johnson, Alyson, & Cox-Ganser, Jean. (2017). Annals of Work Exposures and Health. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxx087
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L’ensemble de ces recommandations du Comité sur les infections nosocomiales du Québec se réfère aux caractéristiques des Caliciviridae, car ce sont ces derniers qui sont majoritairement identifiés lors d’éclosions de GEV dans les établissements de santé du Québec selon les données du Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec (LSPQ). Ce document décrit les mesures recommandées et leurs particularités dans un contexte de GEV. Il devra toutefois être utilisé conjointement avec les documents décrivant en détail certaines des pratiques recommandées : l’hygiène des mains, les pratiques de base et les précautions additionnelles, l’hygiène et la salubrité, etc. Ce document intègre les recommandations et remplace les documents publiés antérieurement par le Comité sur les infections nosocomiales du Québec (CINQ) : «Mesures de contrôle et prévention des éclosions de cas de gastroentérite infectieuse d’allure virale (norovirus) à l’intention des établissements de soins (2006)» et «Précisions sur la gestion d’une éclosion majeure de cas de gastroentérite infectieuse d’allure virale (norovirus) en milieux de soins (2014)».
Source: Leroux, Suzanne, Paré, Renée, & Perna, Silvana.(2017). [Montréal]: Institut national de santé publique du Québec, 27 p. Repéré à https://www.inspq.qc.ca/sites/default/files/publications/2311_prevention_controle_gastroenterites_etablissements_soins.pdf
VOIR AUSSI l’aide-mémoire: https://www.inspq.qc.ca/sites/default/files/publications/2311_tableau_aide_memoire.pdf
VOIR AUSSI la feuille de calcul de l’incidence: https://www.inspq.qc.ca/sites/default/files/publications/2311_tableau_aide_memoire.pdf
IMAGERIE MÉDICALE
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The authors studied the effects of repeated exposure to MRI-related acoustic noise during image acquisition procedures (scans) on hearing. A retrospective occupational cohort study was performed among workers of an MRI manufacturing facility. Longitudinal audiometry data from the facility’s medical surveillance scheme collected from 1973 to 2010 were analysed by studying the association of cumulative exposure to MRI-related acoustic noise from voluntary (multiple) MRI scans and the hearing threshold of the volunteer. From this longitudinal cohort study, it appeared that exposure to noise from voluntarily MRI scans may have resulted in a slight amount of hearing loss. Mandatory use of hearing protection might have prevented more severe hearing loss. Lack of consistency in findings between the left and right ears and between the two exposure measures prohibits definitive conclusions.
Source: Bongers, Suzan, Slottje, Pauline, & Kromhout, Hans. (2017). Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 74(11), 776-784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-103750
INSPECTION PRÉVENTIVE
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The goal of this study was to describe the development and application of an inspection tool and a process for identifying hazards inherent in the modifiable aspects of the physical environment to reduce injury risk to hospital workers. Through an iterative and participatory process, the tool and inspection process were developed with three purposes in mind: (a) create a framework for the inspection of physical work environments and physical conditions of work associated with injury risk (hazards), (b) document the physical conditions, and (c) provide feedback to decision makers. The tool and process were used by an ergonomics researcher on four patient care units as part of the Be Well, Work Well Total Worker Health® intervention.
Source: Grant, Michael, P., Okechukwu, Cassandra A., Hopcia, Karen, Sorensen, Glorian, & Dennerlein, Jack T. (2017). Workplace Health & Safety. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917718852
INSTALLATIONS MATÉRIELLES
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Do You Have Questions about Disposable Dust Masks? We Have Answers!
Un ajustement, une formation et des évaluations appropriés sont essentiels pour protéger les employés contre l’exposition à des aérosols lorsqu’ils utilisent des masques de protection. Cet article répond aux deux questions les plus fréquemment posées concernant les masques jetables de protection contre les poussières: « Dois-je procéder à tests d’ajustement? » et « À quelle fréquence les employés devraient-ils remplacer leur masque? »
Source: Winship, Rick. (2017, October 12). EHS Today. Respirators. Repéré à http://www.ehstoday.com/respirators/do-you-have-questions-about-disposable-dust-masks-we-have-answers
MÉDICAMENTS DANGEREUX – PHARMACIE
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Le prélèvement surfacique: vers un outil d’évaluation
Afin de répondre à la demande de méthodes d’évaluation de l’exposition aux polluants qui se déposent sur les surfaces de travail, l’INRS a entrepris de mettre au point des méthodologies d’évaluation standardisées, permettant d’envisager différentes actions de prévention. Une étude a été menée afin d’identifier les paramètres qui influent sur l’efficacité des prélèvements, ainsi que leur degré d’influence.
Source: Estève, Williams. (2017, Juillet/août/Septembre). Hygiène & sécurité du travail, 248, 66-71. Repéré à http://www.hst.fr/dms/hst/data/articles/HST/TI-NT-53/nt53.pdf
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Developing a Comprehensive Waste Management Strategy
Ensuring appropriate drug management throughout the entirety of the medication-use process is a core responsibility of hospital pharmacists. A comprehensive approach requires a compliant waste strategy for all pharmaceutical waste streams produced by the organization, including identification and disposal of nonhazardous waste, controlled substance waste, and RCRA hazardous waste. Greenville Memorial Hospital is a 845-bed, tertiary referral hospital located in Greenville, South Carolina. A primary objective of their health system’s comprehensive waste management program is to decrease, if not eliminate, waste entering landfills and the water system.
Source: Terry, Jay E. (2017, October). Pharmacy Purchasing & Products Magazine, 14(10), 2-4. Repéré à https://www.pppmag.com/article/2117
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Safe disposal of cytotoxic waste: an evaluation of an air-tight system
A 3-month evaluation was undertaken at the Kent Oncology Centre’s chemotherapy day unit (CDU) to trial an air-tight sealing disposal system for cytotoxic waste management. Research has identified the potential risk to staff who handle waste products that are hazardous to health. Staff safety was a driving force behind a trial of a new way of working. This article provides an overview of the evaluation of the Pactosafe system in one clinical area, examining reviews by oncology healthcare workers, the practicalities in the clinical setting, training, cost effectiveness and the environmental benefits.
Source: Craig, Gamma, & Wadey, Charlotte. (2017). BJN: British Journal of Nursing, 26(16), S18-S24. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2017.26.16.S18
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Prepare for Compliance: The Chapter Answer Book
USP sets the standards that organizations must meet to ensure safe compounding, but it does not provide instructions or guidance for how organizations should meet these standards. Therefore, pharmacists and health care facilities have had a significant number of questions since USP <800> was finalized and the enforcement date of July 1, 2018 was established. After receiving a significant number of queries about how to implement the chapter, ASHP decided to compile a book of USP <800> questions and answers to guide compliance efforts.
Source: Kienle, Patrica C. (October 2017). Pharmacy Purchasing & Products Magazine, 14(10), 18-21. Repéré à https://www.pppmag.com/article/2120
MALADIE DU LÉGIONNAIRE
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Legionnaires’ Disease: A problem for health care facilities
Many people being treated at health care facilities, including long-term care facilities and hospitals, have conditions that put them at greater risk of getting sick and dying from LD. Legionella grows best in buildings with large water systems that are not managed effectively. CDC outbreak investigations show that effective water management programs, actions that reduce the risk of Legionella growing and spreading in building water systems, can help prevent problems that lead to LD. Health care facility leaders should be aware that LD is a risk in their facility and that they can take action to prevent infections.
Source: United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Vital Signs, 4 p. Repéré à https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/pdf/2017-06-vitalsigns.pdf
LE SITE COMPREND ÉGALEMENT DES LIENS VERS D’AUTRES DOCUMENTS OU RESSOURCES SUR LE SUJET: https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/legionella/
NANOTECHNOLOGIES
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How do you clean what you can’t see? New research, supported by a WorkSafeBC Innovation at Work grant, looks into the science of cleaning up nanomaterial spills that could potentially be invisible to the naked eye. The minuscule materials are found in everything from electronics to medicine and cosmetics. And they pose a vexing challenge in the workplace. Workers may come into contact with them regularly, and there are potential hazards associated with handling them. Not only that, but questions abound surrounding exposure limits and effective workplace processes and procedures.
Source: Johnson, Gail. (2017, September/October). WorkSafe Magazine, 17(5), 14-16. Repéré à https://www.worksafebc.com/-/media/18146F7BCD734D1D879E54D8B0F7C6D0.ashx
NORMES ET LÉGISLATION EN SST
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The Most Important 2018 Changes in NFPA 70E
Electrical equipment and electrical safety devices are constantly being changed and improved, hence why your electrical safety program must address those changes. The NFPA 70E Committee addresses these changes and updates the standard every three years as part of keeping up with current technology and safety concerns. This is a standard used not only by facility managers and safety officers, but also by OSHA inspectors, continually educating them on existing trends in electrical safety. This article goes over some of the most important 2018 NFPA 70E updates worth discussing.
Source: Weszely, David. (2017, October 01). The Most Important 2018 Changes in NFPA 70E: Are you prepared to make the changes in your facility for the 2018 NFPA 70E updates? OH&S Occupational Health & Safety. Repéré à https://ohsonline.com/Articles/2017/10/01/The-Most-Important-2018-Changes-in-NFPA-70E.aspx
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Consultation publique sur l’annexe I du Règlement sur la santé et la sécurité du travail (RSST)
Le comité-conseil sur la révision de l‘annexe I du RSST a décidé de prolonger la période de consultation sur les normes relatives à certains contaminants jusqu’au 31 octobre 2017 afin de recueillir le maximum de commentaires des milieux. Les contaminants ciblés sont ceux de l’annexe I du RSST présentant un écart de normes, de valeurs d’exposition et de notations avec ceux de l’American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienist (ACGIH). Les employeurs, les travailleurs, les associations patronales et syndicales, les partenaires de la CNESST ainsi que tous les autres intervenants en santé et en sécurité du travail sont invités à faire parvenir leurs commentaires. L’objectif recherché est d’étudier la faisabilité économique et technique du respect des normes proposées ainsi que l’impact sur les milieux de travail si les normes actuelles sont maintenues.
Source: Commission des normes, de l’équité, de la santé et de la sécurité du travail. (2017). Repéré à http://www.csst.qc.ca/prevention/reptox/consultation-publique/Pages/consultation-publique-annexe-i-rsst.aspx
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Labour Ministers across Canada are working on a two-year plan to harmonize Canada’s occupational health and safety regulations, which were drawn along juridisctional lines. Will the move towards a more seamless legislative framework help or hinder workplace safety? The ministers of labour presented the federal government with an action plan on how to identify areas of harmonization and move forward on creating harmonized regulations. Opportunities for harmonization identified in the work plan include first aid, personal protective equipement, CSA Group standards, ocupational exposure limits, compliance and enforcement cooperation, equipment standards, information sharing and new and emerging regulations.
Source: Lian, Jean. (2017, September). OHS Canada, 33(5), 18-20. Repéré à http://www.mydigitalpublication.com/publication/?i=443863#{« issue_id »:443863, »page »:18}
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Prepare for Compliance: The Chapter Answer Book
USP sets the standards that organizations must meet to ensure safe compounding, but it does not provide instructions or guidance for how organizations should meet these standards. Therefore, pharmacists and health care facilities have had a significant number of questions since USP <800> was finalized and the enforcement date of July 1, 2018 was established. After receiving a significant number of queries about how to implement the chapter, ASHP decided to compile a book of USP <800> questions and answers to guide compliance efforts.
Source: Kienle, Patrica C. (October 2017). Pharmacy Purchasing & Products Magazine, 14(10), 18-21. Repéré à https://www.pppmag.com/article/2120
ORGANISATION DU TRAVAIL
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The effects of organisational culture on nurses’ perceptions of their work
This study aimed to analyse the relationship between the organisational culture and feelings of pleasure and suffering among working nursing professionals. The external integration practice was the domain most frequently found in the organisational culture and the feeling of pleasure–gratification predominated among the workers. Values of cooperative professionalism and wellbeing, and practices of external integration and relationship promotion, were related to increased pleasure and decreased suffering at work. These aspects depend on the organisational culture of the institution. Investigating organisational culture facilitates the understanding of potential collective coping strategies and the organisational changes that favour good mental health in nurses.
Source: Garcia, AB, Rocha, FLR, Pissinati, PSC, Marziale, MHP, Camelo, SHH, & Haddad, MEDCFL. (2017). BJN: British Journal of Nursing, 26(14), 806-812. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2017.26.14.806
ORGANISMES COMMUNAUTAIRES
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Prévenir l’exposition accidentelle au fentanyl pour les intervenants d’urgence: avis scientifique
Une augmentation marquée des décès par surdose associés au fentanyl et à ses analogues au Canada amène une préoccupation pour les policiers, pompiers et ambulanciers qui pourraient être exposés de façon accidentelle à ces substances dans le cadre de leurs interventions. En réponse à une demande du SPVM, les auteurs présentent dans cet avis les risques d’exposition et d’absorption accidentelle de fentanyl ou de ses analogues pour les intervenants d’urgence, et des recommandations sur les mesures de prévention afin d’éviter ceux-ci. Ces recommandations sont formulées sur la base des données scientifiques disponibles et pourront être révisées si de nouvelles informations sont publiées.
Source: Tran, Cong Dung, Denis, Geoffroy, Roy, Maxime, & Lefebvre, Luc. (2017). Montréal: Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, 6 p. Repéré à http://asstsas.qc.ca/sites/default/files/publications/documents/Mat_Pedagogique/Fentanyl_Avism%C3%A9dical_03_2017.pdf
PATIENTS OBÈSES
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Case Study: A 600-lb Patient Journey to Walk After 3 Years of Immobility
Moving and handling patients places healthcare workers at risk of injury. Most healthcare facilities support safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM) through the use of technology. However, with the rise in obesity, standard SPHM equipment may pose a challenge when trying to mobilize the bariatric population due to their limited weight capacity. Other factors that can make SPHM difficult for this population include lack of staff experience or sensitivity, inadequate staffing, and staff fearing injury. Patient psychosocial issues which may further impede mobility, such as lack of motivation, fear of falling, dignity issues, pain, anxiety, and depression, can all lead to poor patient outcomes, prolonged length of stay, limited discharge options, and high costs. This article will describe the journey of a 615-lb patient who was non-ambulatory for 3 years and upon discharge was able to walk 100 feet independently and go home with her son.
Source: Labreche, M., Tucker, K., & Kleinhaus, T. (2017). International Journal of SPHM, 7(3). Repéré à https://sphmjournal.com/product/case-study-600-lb-patient-journey-walk-3-years-immobility/
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It is well documented that prolonged bed rest causes profound deconditioning of multiple body systems, and mobilization has been shown effective in decreasing hospital length of stay, preventing hospital-acquired conditions, and reducing readmissions. However, there are many barriers to the mobilization of the bariatric patient population, which include fear of injury to the patient and caregivers, lack of equipment, and knowledge gaps on how to safely mobilize a bariatric patient. This article describes the use of safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM) technology for a morbidly obese man (BMI 124.5) in the acute care setting. An aggressive rehabilitation course utilizing SPHM technology that promoted functional mobility and progressive gait training substantially benefited this patient’s physical function and contributed to his potential for independent living in the community.
Source: Blasco, P., Deere, C., McGann, N., Hopewell, N., & Brown, B. (2017). International Journal of SPHM, 7(3). Repéré à https://sphmjournal.com/product/progressive-physical-occupational-therapy-plan-care-970-lb-patient-acute-care-setting-case-report/.
PRÉVENTION DES INFECTIONS
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Salariée enceinte en contact avec des chats
Réponse de l’INRS à une question posée par un médecin du travail: Que faire en cas de sérologie négative pour la toxoplasmose? Par exemple, une aide-ménagère intervient chez des clients qui ont des chats. Elle est enceinte et séronégative pour la toxoplasmose. Quelles sont les mesures de prévention à mettre en place?
Source: Caron, Véronique, & Dufayet, Laurène. (2017, Septembre). Références en santé au travail, 151, 124-125. Repéré à http://www.rst-sante-travail.fr/rst/dms/dmt/ArticleDMT/QuestionsReponses/TI-RST-QR-123/qr123.pdf
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Cet atelier méthodologique traitera du phénomène de l’hésitation face à la vaccination. Les équipes sur le terrain ne sont pas nécessairement outillées pour faire face à ce phénomène. Peu connue des professionnels de la santé, l’approche éducative basée sur les techniques de l’entretien motivationnel a démontré son efficacité à réduire l’hésitation à la vaccination auprès des parents. L’entretien motivationnel est un style d’intervention brève qui propose une approche directive, centrée sur le parent, utilisée afin de l’amener à rehausser sa motivation interne à changer en explorant et résolvant lui-même ses ambivalences. Elle vise d’abord à aider l’individu à prendre une décision et à trouver sa motivation pour modifier un comportement problématique. L’atelier vise à examiner les bénéfices et les défis de l’utilisation de l’entretien motivationnel comme stratégie efficace de lutte contre l’hésitation à la vaccination, au travers d’expériences concrètes.
Source: Institut national de santé publique du Québec. (2017). L’entretien motivationnel, une stratégie efficace pour diminuer l’hésitation à la vaccination. JASP. Programmation. Programmes scientifiques. Repéré à https://www.inspq.qc.ca/jasp/l-entretien-motivationnel-une-strategie-efficace-pour-diminuer-l-hesitation-la-vaccination
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Suboptimal application of disinfectants is a common problem in health care facilities. Several studies have demonstrated that only about half of high-touch surfaces in hospital rooms are typically wiped during postdischarge cleaning. With monitoring and feedback, thoroughness of cleaning can be significantly improved. An additional strategy to improve the thoroughness of cleaning might be to enhance the visibility of disinfectants such that environmental services personnel can easily visualize sites where disinfectant has been applied and sites that have been missed.
Source: Mustapha, Aishat, Cadnum, Jennifer L., Alhmidi, Heba, & Donskey, Curtis J. AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.09.019
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Contact transmission of pathogens from personal protective equipment is a concern within the healthcare industry. During public health emergency outbreaks, resources become constrained and the reuse of personal protective equipment, such as N95 filtering facepiece respirators, may be needed. This study was designed to characterize the transfer of bacteriophage MS2 and fluorescein between filtering facepiece respirators and the wearer’s hands during three simulated use scenarios.
Source: Brady, Tyler M., Strauch, Amanda L., Almaguer, Claudia M., Niezgoda, George, Shaffer, Ronald E., Yorio, Pratrick L., & Fisher, Edward M. (2017). Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 14(11), 898-906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459624.2017.1346799
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Legionnaires’ Disease: A problem for health care facilities
Many people being treated at health care facilities, including long-term care facilities and hospitals, have conditions that put them at greater risk of getting sick and dying from LD. Legionella grows best in buildings with large water systems that are not managed effectively. CDC outbreak investigations show that effective water management programs, actions that reduce the risk of Legionella growing and spreading in building water systems, can help prevent problems that lead to LD. Health care facility leaders should be aware that LD is a risk in their facility and that they can take action to prevent infections.
Source: United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Vital Signs, 4 p. Repéré à https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/pdf/2017-06-vitalsigns.pdf
LE SITE COMPREND ÉGALEMENT DES LIENS VERS D’AUTRES DOCUMENTS OU RESSOURCES SUR LE SUJET: https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/legionella/
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Flu Immunization Rates Level Off in Healthcare Workers
While hospital rates remain high, flu immunization rates of healthcare workers overall have leveled off and remain particularly low in long-term care, the CDC reports. A CDC internet survey found that during the 2016–17 influenza season, 79% of healthcare workers overall were vaccinated. That is similar to coverage during the 2015–16 season, and the last few seasons before that. Vaccination coverage remained high among hospital workers (92%), and considerably lower among workers in ambulatory care (76%) and long-term care (68%).
Source: Flu Immunization Rates Level Off in Healthcare Workers. (2017, November). Hospital Employee Health, 36(11), 129-130. Repéré à https://www.ahcmedia.com/articles/141567-flu-immunization-rates-level-off-in-healthcare-workers
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Emerging Fungus Can Colonize Skin for Months
Employee health professionals should be aware of an emerging new multidrug-resistant fungal « superbug, » Candida auris. This pathogen spreads more like bacteria than fungi and can colonize the skin for prolonged periods, the CDC reports. « We have [patients] who have had it on their skin for nine months, so it seems to be very [capable of] surviving on skin, » says Tom Chiller, chief of the CDC Mycotic Diseases Branch. « We also know that it survives really well on surfaces, plastic, floors, windowsills, beds, desks. It can clearly survive in the environment and it is also more challenging to kill. » The CDC is recommending that environmental cleaning workers use powerful sporicidals, similar to what is used for Clostridium difficile, to eradicate C. auris on surfaces.
Source: Emerging Fungus Can Colonize Skin for Months. (2017, November). Hospital Employee Health, 36(11), 130-131. Repéré à https://www.ahcmedia.com/articles/141569-emerging-fungus-can-colonize-skin-for-months
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If You Have a Needle Safety Device, Activate It
In 56% of needlesticks involving safety devices, the protective mechanism was not activated, the International Safety Center’s Exposure Prevention Information Network (EPINet) reports. It is also important to activate the safety device to protect downstream handlers of medical waste, emphasizes Amber Mitchell, director of the International Safety Center and EPINet. Nurses continue to be at the sharp end of the needle, comprising 39% of reported needlesticks and injuries in recently released EPINet surveillance data.
Source: If You Have a Needle Safety Device, Activate It. (2017, November). Hospital Employee Health, 36(11), 129. Repéré à https://www.ahcmedia.com/articles/141568-if-you-have-a-needle-safety-device-activate-it
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The impact of the site where an obstetrician dresses in their surgical scrubs, home versus hospital, on total bacterial burden remains unknown. Therefore, the authors aim to quantify the effect of dressing in surgical scrubs at home versus at the hospital on the bacterial contamination at the beginning of a scheduled shift. The results showed there were no significant difference in total bacterial burden of surgical scrubs at the start of a shift between cohorts who dressed at home versus at the hospital.
Source: Slizewski, Darcy H., Heberlein, Emily, Meredith, Jennifer F., Jobe, Laura B., & Eichelberger, Kacey Y. (2017). AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.09.009
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Glove: Use for safety or overuse?
Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids presents a major safety risk for bloodborne viruses to all health care workers (HCWs). In response to human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV), various strategies were adopted to reduce this risk. The most important and cost-effective strategy was the introduction of gloves as part of personal protective equipment (PPE) for all potential or expected exposures to blood and body fluid. Today, the aim of glove use is for the protection of both the care provider and the patient. However, the indications for glove use are now broader than the original intention, with some contemporary authors raising concerns that gloves have inadvertently affected hand hygiene practice before and after the introduction of My 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene. In this article the authors present a historical overview of glove use to explain the changes in the pattern of use over time and call for a safe reduction of glove use to improve hand hygiene practice.
Source: Jain, Susan, Clezy, Kate, & McLaws, Mary-Louise. (2017). AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.08.029
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L’ensemble de ces recommandations du Comité sur les infections nosocomiales du Québec se réfère aux caractéristiques des Caliciviridae, car ce sont ces derniers qui sont majoritairement identifiés lors d’éclosions de GEV dans les établissements de santé du Québec selon les données du Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec (LSPQ). Ce document décrit les mesures recommandées et leurs particularités dans un contexte de GEV. Il devra toutefois être utilisé conjointement avec les documents décrivant en détail certaines des pratiques recommandées : l’hygiène des mains, les pratiques de base et les précautions additionnelles, l’hygiène et la salubrité, etc. Ce document intègre les recommandations et remplace les documents publiés antérieurement par le Comité sur les infections nosocomiales du Québec (CINQ) : «Mesures de contrôle et prévention des éclosions de cas de gastroentérite infectieuse d’allure virale (norovirus) à l’intention des établissements de soins (2006)» et «Précisions sur la gestion d’une éclosion majeure de cas de gastroentérite infectieuse d’allure virale (norovirus) en milieux de soins (2014)».
Source: Leroux, Suzanne, Paré, Renée, & Perna, Silvana.(2017). [Montréal]: Institut national de santé publique du Québec, 27 p. Repéré à https://www.inspq.qc.ca/sites/default/files/publications/2311_prevention_controle_gastroenterites_etablissements_soins.pdf
VOIR AUSSI l’aide-mémoire: https://www.inspq.qc.ca/sites/default/files/publications/2311_tableau_aide_memoire.pdf
VOIR AUSSI la feuille de calcul de l’incidence: https://www.inspq.qc.ca/sites/default/files/publications/2311_tableau_aide_memoire.pdf
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L’évolution des connaissances cliniques en prévention et contrôle des infections (PCI) , l’expérience québécoise acquise dans le domaine ainsi que les changements législatifs et organisationnels découlant de la Loi modifiant l’organisation et la gouvernance du réseau de la santé et des services sociaux notamment par l’abolition des agences régionales, entrée en vigueur le 1er avril 2015, ont justifié la révision du cadre de référence dont la première édition remontait à 2006. Ce document a pour but de soutenir les établissements de santé dans la mise en œuvre du programme PCI. Il s’adresse particulièrement aux gestionnaires du réseau, aux équipes de PCI, aux comités de PCI ainsi qu’aux comités de gestion des risques. À la fin de chacun des chapitres, un aide-mémoire permet aux utilisateurs d’avoir un aperçu de la démarche et des activités à cibler dans chacun des champs d’activité.
Source: Anctil, Geneviève, Beaudreau, Lucie, Bégin, Nathalie, Bolduc, Daniel, Dancause, Valérie, Frenette, Charles,… Tremblay, Madeleine. (2017). [Québec]: Direction des comunications du ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux, 187p. Repéré à http://publications.msss.gouv.qc.ca/msss/fichiers/2017/17-209-01W.pdf
VOIR AUSSI le document sommaire: http://publications.msss.gouv.qc.ca/msss/fichiers/2017/17-209-02W.pdf
PRODUITS TOXIQUES
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Prévenir l’exposition accidentelle au fentanyl pour les intervenants d’urgence: avis scientifique
Une augmentation marquée des décès par surdose associés au fentanyl et à ses analogues au Canada amène une préoccupation pour les policiers, pompiers et ambulanciers qui pourraient être exposés de façon accidentelle à ces substances dans le cadre de leurs interventions. En réponse à une demande du SPVM, les auteurs présentent dans cet avis les risques d’exposition et d’absorption accidentelle de fentanyl ou de ses analogues pour les intervenants d’urgence, et des recommandations sur les mesures de prévention afin d’éviter ceux-ci. Ces recommandations sont formulées sur la base des données scientifiques disponibles et pourront être révisées si de nouvelles informations sont publiées.
Source: Tran, Cong Dung, Denis, Geoffroy, Roy, Maxime, & Lefebvre, Luc. (2017). Montréal: Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, 6 p. Repéré à http://asstsas.qc.ca/sites/default/files/publications/documents/Mat_Pedagogique/Fentanyl_Avism%C3%A9dical_03_2017.pdf
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Associations Between Disinfection By-Product Exposures and Craniofacial Birth Defects
The purpose ofthis study was to examine associations between craniofacial birth defects (CFDs) and disinfection by-product (DBP) exposures, including the sum of four trihalomethanes (THM4) and five haloacetic acids (HAA5) (i.e., DBP9). This is the first epidemiological study of DBPs to examine eye and ear defects, as well as HAAs and CFDs. The associations for cleft palate and eye defects highlight the importance of examining specific defects, and of examining DBPs beyond THM4.
Source: Kaufman, John A., Wright, J. Michael, Evans, Amanda, Rivera-Núñez, Zorimar, Meyer, Amy, & Narotsky, Michael G. (2017). JOEM: Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine. Prépublication. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001191
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Le prélèvement surfacique: vers un outil d’évaluation
Afin de répondre à la demande de méthodes d’évaluation de l’exposition aux polluants qui se déposent sur les surfaces de travail, l’INRS a entrepris de mettre au point des méthodologies d’évaluation standardisées, permettant d’envisager différentes actions de prévention. Une étude a été menée afin d’identifier les paramètres qui influent sur l’efficacité des prélèvements, ainsi que leur degré d’influence.
Source: Estève, Williams. (2017, Juillet/août/Septembre). Hygiène & sécurité du travail, 248, 66-71. Repéré à http://www.hst.fr/dms/hst/data/articles/HST/TI-NT-53/nt53.pdf
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Consultation publique sur l’annexe I du Règlement sur la santé et la sécurité du travail (RSST)
Le comité-conseil sur la révision de l’annexe I du RSST a décidé de prolonger la période de consultation sur les normes relatives à certains contaminants jusqu’au 31 octobre 2017 afin de recueillir le maximum de commentaires des milieux. Les contaminants ciblés sont ceux de l’annexe I du RSST présentant un écart de normes, de valeurs d’exposition et de notations avec ceux de l’American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienist (ACGIH). Les employeurs, les travailleurs, les associations patronales et syndicales, les partenaires de la CNESST ainsi que tous les autres intervenants en santé et en sécurité du travail sont invités à faire parvenir leurs commentaires. L’objectif recherché est d’étudier la faisabilité économique et technique du respect des normes proposées ainsi que l’impact sur les milieux de travail si les normes actuelles sont maintenues.
Source: Commission des normes, de l’équité, de la santé et de la sécurité du travail. (2017). Repéré à http://www.csst.qc.ca/prevention/reptox/consultation-publique/Pages/consultation-publique-annexe-i-rsst.aspx
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Cleaning and disinfecting products consisting of a mixture of hydrogen peroxide (HP), peracetic acid (PAA), and acetic acid (AA) are widely used as sporicidal agents in health care, childcare, agricultural, food service, and food production industries. HP and PAA are strong oxidants and their mixture is a recognized asthmagen. However, few exposure assessment studies to date have measured HP, PAA, and AA in a health care setting. In 2015, the authors performed a health and exposure assessment at a hospital where a new sporicidal product, consisting of HP, PAA, and AA was introduced 16 months prior.
Source: Hawley, Brie, Casey, Megan, Virji, Mohammad, Abbas, Cummings, Kristin J., Johnson, Alyson, & Cox-Ganser, Jean. (2017). Annals of Work Exposures and Health. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxx087.
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PROTECTION RESPIRATOIRE
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Do You Have Questions about Disposable Dust Masks? We Have Answers!
Un ajustement, une formation et des évaluations appropriés sont essentiels pour protéger les employés contre l’exposition à des aérosols lorsqu’ils utilisent des masques de protection. Cet article répond aux deux questions les plus fréquemment posées concernant les masques jetables de protection contre les poussières: « Dois-je procéder à tests d’ajustement? » et « À quelle fréquence les employés devraient-ils remplacer leur masque? »
Source: Winship, Rick. (2017, October 12). EHS Today. Respirators. Repéré à http://www.ehstoday.com/respirators/do-you-have-questions-about-disposable-dust-masks-we-have-answers
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Interview, observational, and discussion group data at 9 health care organizations (HCOs) were collected to better understand elastomeric half-facepiece respirators’ (EHFRs) use. The authors found that HCOs do not routinely use EHFRs as a respiratory protection device (RPD) for health care workers; compliance with other respirator types was less than expected. This finding has important training implications for proper use of all RPDs and EHFRs as an alternative RPD stockpiled for use during a respiratory infectious outbreak.
Source: Brown, Linda Morris, Rogers, Bonnie, Buckheit, Kathleen, & Curran, John Pat. (2017). AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.09.002
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PUBLICATIONS DE L’ASSTSAS
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Trois nouvelles vidéos PDSB Enfants
Relever un enfant au sol comporte un risque important de blessures pour les intervenants. Il faut faire travailler l’enfant au maximum de ses capacités pour qu’il puisse se relever du sol et éviter tout soulèvement effectué par l’intervenant. Si l’enfant ne peut se relever par lui-même, il faut opter pour des équipements qui mécanisent la tâche afin de la rendre sécuritaire, tels que: la veste de transfert, le Raizer, la chaise élévatrice. Ces vidéos s’ajoutent aux onze autres vidéos déjà disponibles sur le site de l’ASSTSAS.
Source: Association paritaire pour la santé et la sécurité du travail du secteur affaires sociales. (2017, Octobre). Vidéos PDSB enfants. [Vidéo en ligne]. Repéré à http://asstsas.qc.ca/themes-pdsb/videos-pdsb-enfants
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QUALITÉ DE L’AIR
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DOSSIER – Travailler dans un bureau: des risques à ne pas sous-estimer
En réponse à de nouvelles méthodes managériales, nombre d’entreprises opèrent une mutation des espaces de travail et, plus largement, une révolution du travail au bureau. Mais les innovations architecturales et la multiplication des moyens de communication sont-elles nécessairement gage d’amélioration des conditions de travail? Car les risques existent pour le salarié. Qu’ils soient liés aux ambiances physiques de travail (qualité de l’air et ambiance thermique, bruit, éclairage…), à l’organisation de l’espace ou aux nouveaux modes de communication, ils ne doivent pas être occultés. Ce dossier brosse un état des lieux des évolutions en cours du travail au bureau, des risques qu’elles engendrent et que toute entreprise devrait intégrer afin de penser des espaces capables de répondre aux contraintes socio-économiques, d’améliorer la productivité tout en offrant de réelles améliorations des conditions de travail.
Source: Institut national de recherche et de sécurité. (2017, Juillet/août/Septembre). Hygiène & sécurité du travail, 248, 18-47. Repéré à http://www.hst.fr/dms/hst/data/articles/HST/TI-DO-18/do18.pdf
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QUALITÉ DE L’EAU
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Legionnaires’ Disease: A problem for health care facilities
Many people being treated at health care facilities, including long-term care facilities and hospitals, have conditions that put them at greater risk of getting sick and dying from LD. Legionella grows best in buildings with large water systems that are not managed effectively. CDC outbreak investigations show that effective water management programs, actions that reduce the risk of Legionella growing and spreading in building water systems, can help prevent problems that lead to LD. Health care facility leaders should be aware that LD is a risk in their facility and that they can take action to prevent infections.
Source: United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Vital Signs, 4 p. Repéré à https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/pdf/2017-06-vitalsigns.pdf
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LE SITE COMPREND ÉGALEMENT DES LIENS VERS D’AUTRES DOCUMENTS OU RESSOURCES SUR LE SUJET: https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/legionella/
RÉTENTION DU PERSONNEL
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High turnover among nurses is a global concern. Structural relationships linking job stress to leaving intentions have not been thoroughly examined.This study examined the structural relationship linking job stress to leaving intentions through job satisfaction, depressed mood and stress adaptation among hospital nurses. There were five main paths from job stress to intention to leave the hospital. In addition to the direct path, job stress directly affected job satisfaction and depressed mood, which in turn affected intention to leave the hospital. Stress adaptation mitigated the effects of job stress on job satisfaction and depressed mood, which led to intention to leave the hospital. Intention to leave the hospital preceded intention to leave the profession. Those variables explained about 55% of the variance in intention to leave the profession in both years.
Source: Lo, Wen-Yen, Chien, Li-Yin, Hwang, Fang-Ming, Huang, Nicole, & Chiou, Shu-Ti. (2017). JAN: Journal of Advanced Nursing. Prépublication. doi: 10.1111/jan.13481
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Many professional carers also have their own personal caring responsibilities. In many cases, it’s their personal experience of caring, and the values that go with it, that make them good carers. To solve the crisis of recruitment and retention in social care, employers need to design jobs which are, as far as possible, compatible with carers’ non-work lives. This ‘compatible scheduling’ has the potential to improve quality of care: care quality may be compromised just as much by constant change of personnel as by lack of skills. By reducing the cost of staff turnover, it can also save money for employers. Timewise set out to explore how jobs could be enhanced within domiciliary care, by making them more compatible with carers’ non-work commitments while ensuring quality of care was maintained.
Source: Timewise Foundation. (2017). London (GB): Timewise, 23 p. Repéré à https://timewise.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/1957-Timewise-Caring-by-Design-report-Under-200MB.pdf
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Emotional labour: learning from the past, understanding the present
The number of nurses considering leaving the profession has continued to rise, and in many areas there is a nursing shortfall. For many of those leaving the profession, the decision results from workplace stress. This article examines the concept of emotional labour, which has been linked to compassion fatigue and subsequent burnout. Emotional labour is the term used to describe the process of displaying outward emotion that may not match our internal emotion; this dissonance can lead to highly stressful situations.
Source: Elliott, Chris. (2017). BJN: British Journal of Nursing, 26(19). https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2017.26.19.1070
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RETOUR AU TRAVAIL
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Returning to work is a complex process in which different stakeholders are involved and have to co-operate. The aim of this study is to gain an understanding of the return-to-work (RTW) process of workers on sick leave with CMDs, and of the RTW barriers and facilitators from a multi-stakeholder perspective. The perspective of important stakeholder groups on barriers and facilitators and their own role in the RTW process were explored in four focus groups, i.e. with mental health professionals, occupational health professionals, general physicians and managers (PART A). Workers’ own perspectives on what had led to sickness absence, as well as on RTW barriers and facilitators, were explored using face-to-face interviews with three sub-groups of workers: workers with CMDs on short-, medium- and long-term sickness absence. All workers were interviewed twice to fully capture the nature of the RTW process (PART B).
Source: Joosen, Margot, Arends, Iris, Lugtenberg, Marjolein, van Gestel, Hanneke, Schaapveld, Benedikte, van der Klink, Jac,… Brouwers, Evelien. (2017). Barriers to and facilitators of return to work after sick leave in workers with common mental disorders: Perspectives of workers, mental health professionals, occupational health professionals, general physicians and managers. Leicestershire (GB): Institution of Occupational Safety and Health, 65 p. Repéré à https://www.iosh.co.uk/~/media/Documents/Books%20and%20resources/Tilburg%20full%20report%20final.pdf?la=en
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Pratiques des milieux de travail pour assurer un retour en emploi sain et durable
Au Québec, la Loi sur les accidents du travail et des maladies professionnelles (LATMP), prévoit un droit de retour au travail lorsque le travailleur redevient capable d’exercer son métier. Les organisations et les travailleurs sont donc directement concernés par la mise en place de solutions de retour au travail (RaT) adéquates, durables et efficaces. Alors que la littérature récente nous renseigne abondamment sur les principes d’intervention basés sur les données probantes permettant un RaT sain et durable (pratiques exemplaires), les pratiques des milieux de travail à cet égard auprès des travailleurs ayant subi un trouble musculosquelettique (TMS) ont été, à ce jour, peu étudiées. Cette étude vise à évaluer les écarts éventuels entre les pratiques exemplaires de RaT, basées sur des données probantes, et les pratiques actuelles des milieux de travail pour, par la suite, proposer des pistes d’amélioration.
Source: Nastasia, Iuliana, Durand, Marie-José, Coutu, Marie-France, Collinge, Cécile, & Cibotaru, Ana. (2017). Montréal: Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, xv, 11 p. (Rapports scientifiques; R-983). Repéré à http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/PubIRSST/R-983.pdf?v=2017-11-01
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Systematic review: Factors associated with return to work in burnout
Professional burnout predicts sick leave and even permanent withdrawal from the labour force. However, knowledge of the barriers to and facilitators of return to work (RTW) in such burnout is limited. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with RTW of burned-out individuals to inform occupational health care (OHC) RTW policy.
Source: Kärkkäinen, R., Saaranen, T., Hiltunen, S., Ryynänen, O.P., & Räsänen, K. (2017). Occupational Medicine, 67(6), 461-468. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqx093
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Repérage et prise en charge cliniques du syndrome d’épuisement professionnel ou burnout
Cette fiche mémo porte sur la définition du syndrome d’épuisement professionnel, son repérage, sa prise en charge et l’accompagnement des patients lors de leur retour au travail. Les cibles professionnelles de ces recommandations sont prioritairement les médecins généralistes et les médecins des services de santé au travail. La population cible concerne tout travailleur quel que soit son statut. Elle est néanmoins indispensable dans une démarche de prévention du burnout. Les médecins généralistes et médecins du travail sont invités à faire le lien entre le diagnostic individuel et les facteurs de risques inhérents aux situations de travail.
Source: Repérage et prise en charge cliniques du syndrome d’épuisement professionnel ou burnout. (2017, Septembre). Références en santé au travail, 151, 71-74. Repéré à http://www.inrs.fr/dms/inrs/CataloguePapier/DMT/TI-TM-41/tm41.pdf
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SANTÉ – BIEN-ÊTRE AU TRAVAIL
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The objectives of this study was to describe: (1) nurses’ physical and mental health; (2) the relationship between health and medical errors; and (3) the association between nurses’ perceptions of wellness support and their health. A cross sectional descriptive survey was conducted with 1,790 nurses across the U.S. The results showed that wellness must be a high priority for healthcare systems to optimize health in clinicians to enhance high quality care and decrease the odds of costly preventable medical errors.
Source: Melnyk BM, Orsolini L, Tan A, Arslanian-Engoren C, Melkus GD, Dunbar-Jacob J, … Lewis LM. (2017). JOEM: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Prépublication. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001198
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This study aims to investigate the role of daily vitality as an energy-based mechanism through which sleep quantity and quality relate to proactive behavior. In addition, we propose that daily self-efficacy forms a contingency condition in that self-efficacy facilitates the translation of vitality into proactive behavior. The results suggest that organizations aiming to boost daily proactivity in employees can benefit from increasing employees’ self-efficacy and supporting them in developing strategies to ensure sufficient vitality. One such strategy is improving sleep quality. This study extends the literature on dynamics in proactive work behavior and its well-being-related antecedents by exploring both vitality as an underlying energetic mechanism and daily self-efficacy as a boundary condition.
Source: Schmitt, Antje, Belschak, Frank D., & Den Hartog, Deanne. N. (2017). Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(4), 443-454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000041
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SANTÉ PSYCHOLOGIQUE
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Cette journée thématique portera sur la présence de contraintes organisationnelles ou psychosociales du travail, en interaction avec les contraintes physiques ou biomécaniques, entraîne pour les travailleurs exposés des risques plus élevés de troubles musculo-squelettiques (TMS) selon de nombreuses études scientifiques. Ces contraintes concernent principalement une charge de travail élevée, une latitude décisionnelle faible, des relations sociales au travail difficiles ou encore l’absence de mécanismes de reconnaissance des travailleurs par l’organisation. Or, ces risques organisationnels et psychosociaux sont potentiellement identifiables et modifiables. Il demeure toutefois une absence de consensus sur la façon d’en tenir compte dans le cadre de la prévention des TMS liés au travail. La journée permettra aux participants d’explorer la valeur ajoutée de la prise en compte des contraintes organisationnelles et psychosociales du travail en plus des contraintes physiques dans un cadre d’intervention visant à prévenir les TMS.
Source: Institut national de santé publique du Québec. (2017). Tenir compte des contraintes organisationnelles et psychosociales du travail dans la prévention des TMS : une formule gagnante! JASP. Programmation. Programmes scientifiques. Repéré à https://www.inspq.qc.ca/jasp/tenir-compte-des-contraintes-organisationnelles-et-psychosociales-du-travail-dans-la-prevention-des-tms-une-formule-gagnante
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5 Conseils pour améliorer «l’ambiance» de travail des soignants à l’Hôpital
Aujourd’hui, lorsqu’une personne est hospitalisée au sein d’un service de soin, elle entre en relation avec une équipe soignante. Cette équipe pluridisciplinaire deviendra la «cellule de base» de sa prise en charge. L’équipe va mobiliser des ressources humaines, les moyens techniques et thérapeutiques, s’adapter à un environnement économique contraint afin de lui assurer une qualité de soin optimale. Mais, comment favoriser une bonne ambiance relationnelle entre les membres d’une équipe, pour prodiguer des soins de qualité auprès du patient? À partir de son expérience professionnelle, l’auteure propose 5 conseils pratiques pouvant aider les soignants et leur manager à envisager des pistes d’amélioration pour renforcer la qualité de l’ambiance de travail en équipe.
Source: Massing, Louise. (2017, 27 octobre). [Billet de blogue]. MMS: Management en milieu de santé. Repéré à https://managersante.com/2017/10/27/5-conseils-pour-ameliorer-lambiance-de-travail-des-soignants-a-lhopital/
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Le monde des acteurs de santé connaît-il le Brown-out?
« … je souhaite attirer votre attention sur un élément : si la pression, l’excès de travail et la violence des relations interpersonnelles étaient filmés et mis en avant, une autre réalité pouvait également être entendue, celle d’une forme d’incompréhension du monde du travail : «Mon travail, c’est ça? […] Quinze ans d’études pour ça, c’est zéro». Or cette «nouvelle» réalité au travail a été théorisée par deux chercheurs britannique et suédois : il s’agit du «brown-out», qui se traduit littéralement par une «baisse de courant» psychique et une incompréhension de plus en plus fréquente. Décrypter ce phénomène et aborder une manière de s’en sortir est donc l’objet de cet article. »
Source: Carpentier, Stéphanie. (2017, 16 octobre). Le monde des acteurs de santé connaît-il le Brown-out? [Billet de blogue]. MMS: Management en milieu de santé. Repéré à https://managersante.com/2017/10/16/le-monde-des-acteurs-de-la-sante-connait-il-le-brown-out/
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Returning to work is a complex process in which different stakeholders are involved and have to co-operate. The aim of this study is to gain an understanding of the return-to-work (RTW) process of workers on sick leave with CMDs, and of the RTW barriers and facilitators from a multi-stakeholder perspective. The perspective of important stakeholder groups on barriers and facilitators and their own role in the RTW process were explored in four focus groups, i.e. with mental health professionals, occupational health professionals, general physicians and managers (PART A). Workers’ own perspectives on what had led to sickness absence, as well as on RTW barriers and facilitators, were explored using face-to-face interviews with three sub-groups of workers: workers with CMDs on short-, medium- and long-term sickness absence. All workers were interviewed twice to fully capture the nature of the RTW process (PART B).
Source: Joosen, Margot, Arends, Iris, Lugtenberg, Marjolein, van Gestel, Hanneke, Schaapveld, Benedikte, van der Klink, Jac,… Brouwers, Evelien. (2017). Barriers to and facilitators of return to work after sick leave in workers with common mental disorders: Perspectives of workers, mental health professionals, occupational health professionals, general physicians and managers. Leicestershire (GB): Institution of Occupational Safety and Health, 65 p. Repéré à https://www.iosh.co.uk/~/media/Documents/Books%20and%20resources/Tilburg%20full%20report%20final.pdf?la=en
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The aim of the current study is to address this identified gap in knowledge by conducting a systematic review of the literature. The central objective is to collate, review and synthesise evidence-based economic estimations of the burden of psychosocial workplace aggression at the level of the individual and society. More specifically, the systematic review aims to: (i) describe the identified studies; (ii) classify and categorise the identified cost-of-illness studies according to their main objectives and their methodological approach; (iii) compare the results of the studies and (iv) consider the implications of such findings for the field of OHP.
Source: Hassard, Juliet, Teoh, Kevin R.H., Visockaite, Gintare, Dewe, Philip, & Cox, Tom. (2017). Work & Stress. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2017.1380726
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Use a Self-Care Mantra to Boost Compassion
Oncology nurses are generally compassionate people and dedicated to helping others live the best they can while experiencing a life-changing illness. Over time, such dedication can lead to compassion fatigue (CF), especially when others suffer. Trauma experts define CF as sustained knowledge that another person is suffering and wanting to do something to relieve their suffering. Compassion satisfaction (CS) on the other hand involves the personal gratification one receives from caregiving. Although CF and CS are not direct opposites, the two concepts have a definite relationship. Nurses have a good chance of warding off CF by nourishing CS. Results from a study of mental health professionals indicated that lower levels of CF and higher levels of CS were prevalent among those professionals who practiced self-care strategies.
Source: Christensen, Deborah. (2017, October 17). Use a Self-Care Mantra to Boost Compassion. [Billet de blogue]. ONS Voice. News and views. Repéré à https://voice.ons.org/news-and-views/use-a-self-care-mantra-to-boost-compassion
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Systematic review: Factors associated with return to work in burnout
Professional burnout predicts sick leave and even permanent withdrawal from the labour force. However, knowledge of the barriers to and facilitators of return to work (RTW) in such burnout is limited. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with RTW of burned-out individuals to inform occupational health care (OHC) RTW policy.
Source: Kärkkäinen, R., Saaranen, T., Hiltunen, S., Ryynänen, O.P., & Räsänen, K. (2017). Occupational Medicine, 67(6), 461-468. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqx093
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High turnover among nurses is a global concern. Structural relationships linking job stress to leaving intentions have not been thoroughly examined.This study examined the structural relationship linking job stress to leaving intentions through job satisfaction, depressed mood and stress adaptation among hospital nurses. There were five main paths from job stress to intention to leave the hospital. In addition to the direct path, job stress directly affected job satisfaction and depressed mood, which in turn affected intention to leave the hospital. Stress adaptation mitigated the effects of job stress on job satisfaction and depressed mood, which led to intention to leave the hospital. Intention to leave the hospital preceded intention to leave the profession. Those variables explained about 55% of the variance in intention to leave the profession in both years.
Source: Lo, Wen-Yen, Chien, Li-Yin, Hwang, Fang-Ming, Huang, Nicole, & Chiou, Shu-Ti. (2017). JAN: Journal of Advanced Nursing. Prépublication. doi: 10.1111/jan.13481
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Association of the nurse work environment with nurse incivility in hospitals
Workplace incivility can negatively affect nurses, hospitals and patients. Plentiful evidence documents that nurses working in better nurse work environments have improved job and health outcomes. There is minimal knowledge about how nurse coworker incivility relates to the United States nurse work environment. This study aimed to determine whether coworker incivility is associated with the nurse work environment, defined as organisational characteristics that promote nurse autonomy. The results showed that supportive nurse managers reduce coworker incivility.
Source: Smith, Jessica G., Morin, Karen H., & Lake, Eileen T. (2017). Journal of Nursing Management. Prépublication. 8 p. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12537
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The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between, and factors influencing, staff nurse perceptions of nurse manager caring (NMC) and the perceived exposure to workplace bullying (WPB) in multiple healthcare settings. Workplace bullying is commonplace, increasing, and detrimental to the health and availability of our nursing workforce. Positive relationships between a nurse manager (NM) and staff increase staff satisfaction and reduce turnover. Still unknown, however, is whether a caring relationship between manager and staff can reduce staff nurse perception of exposure to WPB. This study highlights the importance of caring leadership to reduce exposure to negative behaviors. The data lend support to the idea of educating NMs regarding the application of caring behaviors to support staff at the point of care.
Source: Olender, Lynda. (2017). JONA: Journal of Nursing Administration, 47(10), 501-507. doi: 10.1097/NNA.0000000000000522
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This study assessed the impact of mindfulness training on occupational safety of hospital health care workers. Twenty-three hospital health care workers participated in the study (11 in immediate intervention group; 12 in waitlist control group). The MBSR training decreased workplace cognitive failures and increased safety compliance behaviors among hospital health care workers. Effects were stable 6 months following the training. The MBSR intervention did not significantly affect participants’ promotion of safety in the workplace. These results showed that mindfulness training may potentially decrease occupational injuries of health care workers.
Source: Valley, Morgan Anne, & Stallones, Lorann. (2017). JOEM: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 59(10), 935-941. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001090
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Psychosocial work environment and mental health-related long-term sickness absence among nurses
The authors investigated which job demands and job resources were predictive of mental health-related long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in nurses. The data of 2059 nurses were obtained from the Norwegian survey of Shift work, Sleep and Health. The results showed that harassment was positively and social support at the workplace was negatively related to mental health-related LTSA, but both failed to discriminate between nurses with and without mental health-related LTSA during 2-year follow-up.
Source: Roelen, Corné A.M., van Hoffen, Marieke F.A., Waage, Siri, Schaufeli, Wilmar B., Twisk, Jos W.R., Bjorvatn, Bjørn, Moen, Bente E., & Pallesen, Ståle. (2017). International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. Prépublication. 9 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-017-1268-1
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Avez-vous eu de vraies vacances?
On donne des semaines de vacances aux employés qui y ont droit, mais on ne leur retire pas les tâches qu’ils auraient eu à accomplir durant ces mêmes semaines. En d’autres termes, les gens gardent le droit de s’absenter durant les vacances, mais personne n’assumera leurs tâches durant ce temps et presque tout le monde s’attendra à ce qu’ils rattrapent le « temps perdu » à leur retour. Les vacances, théoriquement libres de travail, seraient-elles devenues du temps de travail « à remettre », comme une sorte de dette de travail?
Source: Lafleur, Jacques. (2017, Septembre). Travail et santé, 33(3), 28-29.
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CET ARTICLE N’EST PAS DISPONIBLE EN VERSION ÉLECTRONIQUE
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This study investigates the defining features that distinguish workplace bullying from interpersonal conflict, being frequency, negative social behaviour, power imbalance, length and perceived intent, by contrasting the characteristics of conflict incidents in a group of workplace bullying victims versus a group of non-victims.
Source: Baillien, Elfi, Escartin, Jordi, Gross, Claudia, & Zapf, Dieter. (2017). European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. Prépublication. 12 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2017.1385601
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Repérage et prise en charge cliniques du syndrome d’épuisement professionnel ou burnout
Cette fiche mémo porte sur la définition du syndrome d’épuisement professionnel, son repérage, sa prise en charge et l’accompagnement des patients lors de leur retour au travail. Les cibles professionnelles de ces recommandations sont prioritairement les médecins généralistes et les médecins des services de santé au travail. La population cible concerne tout travailleur quel que soit son statut. Elle est néanmoins indispensable dans une démarche de prévention du burnout. Les médecins généralistes et médecins du travail sont invités à faire le lien entre le diagnostic individuel et les facteurs de risques inhérents aux situations de travail.
Source: Repérage et prise en charge cliniques du syndrome d’épuisement professionnel ou burnout. (2017, Septembre). Références en santé au travail, 151, 71-74. Repéré à http://www.inrs.fr/dms/inrs/CataloguePapier/DMT/TI-TM-41/tm41.pdf
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Prehospital providers are at increased risk for psychological distress. Support at work after critical incidents is believed to be important for providers, but current guidelines are in need of more scientific evidence. This study aimed to investigate: (1) to what extent prehospital providers experience support at work; (2) whether support at work is directly associated with lower distress and (3) whether availability of a formal peer support system is related to lower distress via perceived colleague support. The results showed that prehospital providers at risk of psychological distress may benefit from support from colleagues and management and from having time to recover after critical incidents. Formal peer support may assist providers by increasing their sense of support from colleagues.
Source: Gouweloos-Trines, Juul, Tyler, Mark P., Giummarra, Melita J., Kassam-Adams, Nancy, Landolt, Markus A., Kleber, Rolf J., & Alisic, Eva. (2017). Emergency Medicine Journal. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2017-206584
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Emotional labour: learning from the past, understanding the present
The number of nurses considering leaving the profession has continued to rise, and in many areas there is a nursing shortfall. For many of those leaving the profession, the decision results from workplace stress. This article examines the concept of emotional labour, which has been linked to compassion fatigue and subsequent burnout. Emotional labour is the term used to describe the process of displaying outward emotion that may not match our internal emotion; this dissonance can lead to highly stressful situations.
Source: Elliott, Chris. (2017). BJN: British Journal of Nursing, 26(19). https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2017.26.19.1070
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Drawing on social learning literature, this study examined managers’ health awareness and health behavior (health-related self-regulation) as a moderator of the relationships between transformational leadership and employee exhaustion and cynicism. In 2 organizations, employees rated their own exhaustion and cynicism, and their managers’ transformational leadership. Managers assessed their own health-related self-regulation. Drawing on social learning literature, this study examined managers’ health awareness and health behavior (health-related self-regulation) as a moderator of the relationships between transformational leadership and employee exhaustion and cynicism. In 2 organizations, employees rated their own exhaustion and cynicism, and their managers’ transformational leadership. Managers assessed their own health-related self-regulation.
Source: Kranabetter, C., & Niessen, C. (2017). Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(4), 492-502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000044
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Les risques psychosociaux sur le lieu de travail peuvent avoir un impact négatif sur la santé professionnelle et générale, y compris le risque de blessure. L’association entre les blessures et les risques professionnels psychosociaux (insécurité de l’emploi, déséquilibre travail-famille, milieu de travail hostile) a été évaluée en tenant compte des facteurs sociodémographiques et professionnels.
Source: Farnacio, Yvonne, Pratt, Michael E., Marshall, Elizabeth G., & Graber, Judith M. (2017). JOEM: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 59(10), e164-e171. doi: 10.1097 / JOM.0000000000001143
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The effects of organisational culture on nurses’ perceptions of their work
This study aimed to analyse the relationship between the organisational culture and feelings of pleasure and suffering among working nursing professionals. The external integration practice was the domain most frequently found in the organisational culture and the feeling of pleasure–gratification predominated among the workers. Values of cooperative professionalism and wellbeing, and practices of external integration and relationship promotion, were related to increased pleasure and decreased suffering at work. These aspects depend on the organisational culture of the institution. Investigating organisational culture facilitates the understanding of potential collective coping strategies and the organisational changes that favour good mental health in nurses.
Source: Garcia, AB, Rocha, FLR, Pissinati, PSC, Marziale, MHP, Camelo, SHH, & Haddad, MEDCFL. (2017). BJN: British Journal of Nursing, 26(14), 806-812. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2017.26.14.806
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SÉCURITÉ DES MACHINES – CADENASSAGE
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Sécurité équivalente: quatre questions pour s’y retrouver
Une sécurité équivalente au cadenassage est-elle possible? Quatre questions sont soulevées dans cet article. Les réponses permettent de s’y retrouver suite à de nouvelles mises à jour règlementaires.
Source: Daoust, Alain. (2017, Septembre). Travail et santé, 33(3), 8-11.
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CET ARTICLE N’EST PAS DISPONIBLE EN VERSION ÉLECTRONIQUE
SÉCURITÉ DES PATIENTS
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Workplace Bullying in Hospitals Affects Patient Care
New study says patients are negatively impacted if healthcare workers are bullied. Nurses subject to hazing, harassment and bullying are a « significant » factor in the dynamics of patient care, work culture and job retention, according to research from the Emergency Nurses Association. The study, published in the International Emergency Nursing Journal, used situational analysis to obtain experiences and opinions from 44 nurses.
Source: Valentic Stefanie. (2017, October 27). EHS Today. Health. Repéré à http://www.ehstoday.com/health/workplace-bullying-hospitals-affects-patient-care
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POUR ACCÉDER À L’ARTICLE ORIGINAL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1755599X17301349?via%3Dihub
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The objectives of this study was to describe: (1) nurses’ physical and mental health; (2) the relationship between health and medical errors; and (3) the association between nurses’ perceptions of wellness support and their health. A cross sectional descriptive survey was conducted with 1,790 nurses across the U.S. The results showed that wellness must be a high priority for healthcare systems to optimize health in clinicians to enhance high quality care and decrease the odds of costly preventable medical errors.
Source: Melnyk BM, Orsolini L, Tan A, Arslanian-Engoren C, Melkus GD, Dunbar-Jacob J, … Lewis LM. (2017). JOEM: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Prépublication. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001198
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SÉCURITÉ ÉLECTRIQUE
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The Most Important 2018 Changes in NFPA 70E
Electrical equipment and electrical safety devices are constantly being changed and improved, hence why your electrical safety program must address those changes. The NFPA 70E Committee addresses these changes and updates the standard every three years as part of keeping up with current technology and safety concerns. This is a standard used not only by facility managers and safety officers, but also by OSHA inspectors, continually educating them on existing trends in electrical safety. This article goes over some of the most important 2018 NFPA 70E updates worth discussing.
Source: Weszely, David. (2017, October 01). The Most Important 2018 Changes in NFPA 70E: Are you prepared to make the changes in your facility for the 2018 NFPA 70E updates? OH&S Occupational Health & Safety. Repéré à https://ohsonline.com/Articles/2017/10/01/The-Most-Important-2018-Changes-in-NFPA-70E.aspx
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SERVICE DE PSYCHIATRIE
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De-escalation techniques are the recommended first-line intervention for the management of aggression in mental health settings internationally, yet use of higher-risk restrictive practices persists. This indicates de-escalation techniques are not used at optimum frequency and/or there are important factors limiting their use and effect. This study investigates patient perspectives on barriers and enablers to the use and effectiveness of de-escalation techniques for aggression in mental health settings.
Source: Price, Owen, Baker, John, Bee, Penn, Grundy, Andrew, Scott, Anne, Butler, Debbie, Cree, Lindsey, & Lovell, Karina. (2017). JAN: Journal of Advanced Nursing. Prépublication. doi:10.1111/jan.13488
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SERVICE DES URGENCES
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Reporting occupational violence in emergency departments
A study has revealed that emergency department (ED) staff across all roles receive verbal abuse from patients, but that nurses are more likely to be physically assaulted and are less likely to feel safe.
Source: Hackett, Kimberley. (2017, July 13). Emergency Nurse. Repéré à https://journals.rcni.com/doi/abs/10.7748/en.25.4.12.s12?af=R
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SERVICES À DOMICILE
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Salariée enceinte en contact avec des chats
Réponse de l’INRS à une question posée par un médecin du travail: Que faire en cas de sérologie négative pour la toxoplasmose? Par exemple, une aide-ménagère intervient chez des clients qui ont des chats. Elle est enceinte et séronégative pour la toxoplasmose. Quelles sont les mesures de prévention à mettre en place?
Source: Caron, Véronique, & Dufayet, Laurène. (2017, Septembre). Références en santé au travail, 151, 124-125. Repéré à http://www.rst-sante-travail.fr/rst/dms/dmt/ArticleDMT/QuestionsReponses/TI-RST-QR-123/qr123.pdf
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Many professional carers also have their own personal caring responsibilities. In many cases, it’s their personal experience of caring, and the values that go with it, that make them good carers. To solve the crisis of recruitment and retention in social care, employers need to design jobs which are, as far as possible, compatible with carers’ non-work lives. This ‘compatible scheduling’ has the potential to improve quality of care: care quality may be compromised just as much by constant change of personnel as by lack of skills. By reducing the cost of staff turnover, it can also save money for employers. Timewise set out to explore how jobs could be enhanced within domiciliary care, by making them more compatible with carers’ non-work commitments while ensuring quality of care was maintained.
Source: Timewise Foundation. (2017). London (GB): Timewise, 23 p. Repéré à https://timewise.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/1957-Timewise-Caring-by-Design-report-Under-200MB.pdf
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L’auteure a mené trois études de cas sur la situation de travailleuses précaires, majoritairement des femmes, employées par des prestataires privés qui sont intégrés aux réseaux locaux de services d,aide à domicile au Québec. Les résultats montrent l’absence d’une « représentation collective réticulaire » portée par les syndicats. Pourtant, ce pouvoir a un effet déterminant sur les conditions d’exercice du travail et sur sa dévalorisation sexuée. Seule une coalition d’associations locales de défense des droits des personnes vivant avec des limitations fonctionnelles, usagères des services, a interpellé les autorités publiques en vue d’une amélioration de la qualité des emplois et des services.
Source: Boivin, Louise. (2017, Été). Relations industrielles, 72(3), 501-523.
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CET ARTICLE N’ÉTAIT PAS ENCORE DISPONIBLE EN VERSION ÉLECTRONIQUE AU MOMENT DE PUBLIER CETTE VEILLE
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Les préposées font face à un ensemble de contraintes importantes reliées à leurs conditions de travail. En effet, le métier de préposées soulève de nombreux enjeux en termes de rapports sociaux de genre, de groupes ethniques et de classe. Selon les auteurs, les perspectives féministes apparaissent comme un cadre conceptuel riche pour rendre compte de l’imbrication de ses rapports sociaux.
Source: Bergeron-Vachon, Frédérike, Cardinal, Jasmine. (2017, Automne). Vie et vieillissement, 14(4), 45-51.
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SERVICES ALIMENTAIRES
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Protéger les travailleurs du froid: mieux comprendre pour mieux agir
Les ouvriers de l’industrie alimentaire de transformation sont exposés, plusieurs heures par jour, à des températures comprises entre 0 et +10°C pour maintenir la chaine du froid (à des fins de conservation des denrées alimentaires) voire même à des températures inférieures à -20°C pour les produits congelés. La contrainte thermique par le froid peut avoir des conséquences importantes sur la santé (gelures, hypothermie), sur la sécurité (perte de vigilance et de sensibilité) et s’avérer parfois fatale. Le premier article explore les performances cognitives de huit participants humains exposés 24 heures à une température de 7,5°C. Il en découle quelques recommandations en cas d’exposition prolongée au froid. Le second article présente de récents travaux menés sur le transfert de chaleur à travers différentes couches textiles, utilisées dans la conception de vêtement de protection contre le froid (VPF).
Source: Vinches, Ludwig, & Hallé, Stéphane. (2017). Anses: Bulletin de veille scientifique, 32, 52-54. Repéré à http://bvs.mag.anses.fr/sites/default/files/BVS-mg-032-Vinches-Halle.pdf
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SERVICES AMBULANCIERS – PRÉHOSPITALIERS
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Prévenir l’exposition accidentelle au fentanyl pour les intervenants d’urgence: avis scientifique
Une augmentation marquée des décès par surdose associés au fentanyl et à ses analogues au Canada amène une préoccupation pour les policiers, pompiers et ambulanciers qui pourraient être exposés de façon accidentelle à ces substances dans le cadre de leurs interventions. En réponse à une demande du SPVM, les auteurs présentent dans cet avis les risques d’exposition et d’absorption accidentelle de fentanyl ou de ses analogues pour les intervenants d’urgence, et des recommandations sur les mesures de prévention afin d’éviter ceux-ci. Ces recommandations sont formulées sur la base des données scientifiques disponibles et pourront être révisées si de nouvelles informations sont publiées.
Source: Tran, Cong Dung, Denis, Geoffroy, Roy, Maxime, & Lefebvre, Luc. (2017). Montréal: Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, 6 p. Repéré à http://asstsas.qc.ca/sites/default/files/publications/documents/Mat_Pedagogique/Fentanyl_Avism%C3%A9dical_03_2017.pdf
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Prehospital providers are at increased risk for psychological distress. Support at work after critical incidents is believed to be important for providers, but current guidelines are in need of more scientific evidence. This study aimed to investigate: (1) to what extent prehospital providers experience support at work; (2) whether support at work is directly associated with lower distress and (3) whether availability of a formal peer support system is related to lower distress via perceived colleague support. The results showed that prehospital providers at risk of psychological distress may benefit from support from colleagues and management and from having time to recover after critical incidents. Formal peer support may assist providers by increasing their sense of support from colleagues.
Source: Gouweloos-Trines, Juul, Tyler, Mark P., Giummarra, Melita J., Kassam-Adams, Nancy, Landolt, Markus A., Kleber, Rolf J., & Alisic, Eva. (2017). Emergency Medicine Journal. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2017-206584
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SERVICES DE RÉADAPTATION
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Trois nouvelles vidéos PDSB Enfants
Relever un enfant au sol comporte un risque important de blessures pour les intervenants. Il faut faire travailler l’enfant au maximum de ses capacités pour qu’il puisse se relever du sol et éviter tout soulèvement effectué par l’intervenant. Si l’enfant ne peut se relever par lui-même, il faut opter pour des équipements qui mécanisent la tâche afin de la rendre sécuritaire, tels que: la veste de transfert, le Raizer, la chaise élévatrice. Ces vidéos s’ajoutent aux onze autres vidéos déjà disponibles sur le site de l’ASSTSAS.
Source: Association paritaire pour la santé et la sécurité du travail du secteur affaires sociales. (2017, Octobre). Vidéos PDSB enfants. [Vidéo en ligne]. Repéré à http://asstsas.qc.ca/themes-pdsb/videos-pdsb-enfants
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SOINS INTENSIFS
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The goal of this study was to describe the development and application of an inspection tool and a process for identifying hazards inherent in the modifiable aspects of the physical environment to reduce injury risk to hospital workers. Through an iterative and participatory process, the tool and inspection process were developed with three purposes in mind: (a) create a framework for the inspection of physical work environments and physical conditions of work associated with injury risk (hazards), (b) document the physical conditions, and (c) provide feedback to decision makers. The tool and process were used by an ergonomics researcher on four patient care units as part of the Be Well, Work Well Total Worker Health® intervention.
Source: Grant, Michael, P., Okechukwu, Cassandra A., Hopcia, Karen, Sorensen, Glorian, & Dennerlein, Jack T. (2017). Workplace Health & Safety. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917718852
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SST EN MILIEU HOSPITALIER
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This study assessed the impact of mindfulness training on occupational safety of hospital health care workers. Twenty-three hospital health care workers participated in the study (11 in immediate intervention group; 12 in waitlist control group). The MBSR training decreased workplace cognitive failures and increased safety compliance behaviors among hospital health care workers. Effects were stable 6 months following the training. The MBSR intervention did not significantly affect participants’ promotion of safety in the workplace. These results showed that mindfulness training may potentially decrease occupational injuries of health care workers.
Source: Valley, Morgan Anne, & Stallones, Lorann. (2017). JOEM: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 59(10), 935-941. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001090
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STATISTIQUES EN SST
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Plusieurs obstacles entravent l’application des bonnes pratiques de prévention des TMS chez le personnel du secteur des soins de santé. C’est ce que démontre une étude dont l’objet était de comprendre les raisons pour lesquelles le personnel infirmier subit encore des TMS alors que les données probantes pour mieux les prévenir sont facilement accessibles. Ces barrières se situent à l’étape de l’application des connaissances et non de l’acquisition ou de l’appropriation de celles-ci, ce qui suggère qu’elles relèvent davantage des milieux de travail. Parmi celles-ci, on trouve: le décalage entre les conditions d’application des mesures préventives lors des formations et celles en milieu de travail; les difficultés d’accès aux équipements de manutention; une culture qui valorise peu les comportements sécuritaires. L’étude suggère notamment de mieux sensibiliser les cadres à l’intégration des pratiques préventives aux routines organisationnelles, d’offrir davantage de formation adaptée au contexte de chaque établissement et la possibilité de pratiquer les techniques de manipulation sur les lieux de travail.
Source: Ziam, Saliha, Lakhal, Sawsen, Laroche, Éléna, Alderson, Marie, & Gagné, Charles. (2017). Montréal: Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, xiii, 133 p. (Rapport scientifique; R-985). Repéré à http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/PubIRSST/R-985.pdf?v=2017-10-26
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Lésions avec atteinte permanente à l’intégrité physique ou psychique: Analyse du risque au Québec
En 2012, les lésions professionnelles avec atteinte permanente à l’intégrité physique ou psychique (APIPP) constituaient 12 % de tous les accidents traumatiques (AT) et des troubles musculosquelettiques (TMS) acceptés, mais elles ont occasionné la moitié des jours indemnisés et des débours versés par la CNESST pour ces types de lésions. Pourtant, les connaissances relatives aux groupes de travailleurs les plus à risque de subir ce type de lésions au Québec demeurent limitées de même que pour les facteurs associés à ce risque. Cette étude vise à identifier, en s’appuyant sur les données de la période 2010-2012, les sous-groupes de travailleurs dont le risque de subir un AT ou un TMS avec APIPP est le plus élevé et à analyser, pour la période 2003-2012, l’évolution temporelle de ce risque au sein de divers sous-groupes. L’étude permet aussi de déterminer les facteurs qui sont les plus fortement associés à la survenue d’une APIPP, en contrôlant l’effet des autres variables analysées.
Source: Busque, Marc-Antoine, & Duguay, Patrice. (2017). Montréal: Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, xviii, 29 p. (Rapports scientifiques; R-976). Repéré à http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/PubIRSST/R-976.pdf?v=2017-10-19
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TECHNOLOGIES DE L’INFORMATION ET DES COMMUNICATIONS (TIC)
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DOSSIER – Travailler dans un bureau: des risques à ne pas sous-estimer
En réponse à de nouvelles méthodes managériales, nombre d’entreprises opèrent une mutation des espaces de travail et, plus largement, une révolution du travail au bureau. Mais les innovations architecturales et la multiplication des moyens de communication sont-elles nécessairement gage d’amélioration des conditions de travail? Car les risques existent pour le salarié. Qu’ils soient liés aux ambiances physiques de travail (qualité de l’air et ambiance thermique, bruit, éclairage…), à l’organisation de l’espace ou aux nouveaux modes de communication, ils ne doivent pas être occultés. Ce dossier brosse un état des lieux des évolutions en cours du travail au bureau, des risques qu’elles engendrent et que toute entreprise devrait intégrer afin de penser des espaces capables de répondre aux contraintes socio-économiques, d’améliorer la productivité tout en offrant de réelles améliorations des conditions de travail.
Source: Institut national de recherche et de sécurité. (2017, Juillet/août/Septembre). Hygiène & sécurité du travail, 248, 18-47. Repéré à http://www.hst.fr/dms/hst/data/articles/HST/TI-DO-18/do18.pdf
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TENUE VESTIMENTAIRE
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The impact of the site where an obstetrician dresses in their surgical scrubs, home versus hospital, on total bacterial burden remains unknown. Therefore, the authors aim to quantify the effect of dressing in surgical scrubs at home versus at the hospital on the bacterial contamination at the beginning of a scheduled shift. The results showed there were no significant difference in total bacterial burden of surgical scrubs at the start of a shift between cohorts who dressed at home versus at the hospital.
Source: Slizewski, Darcy H., Heberlein, Emily, Meredith, Jennifer F., Jobe, Laura B., & Eichelberger, Kacey Y. (2017). AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.09.009
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TRAVAIL AU FROID
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Protéger les travailleurs du froid: mieux comprendre pour mieux agir
Les ouvriers de l’industrie alimentaire de transformation sont exposés, plusieurs heures par jour, à des températures comprises entre 0 et +10°C pour maintenir la chaine du froid (à des fins de conservation des denrées alimentaires) voire même à des températures inférieures à -20°C pour les produits congelés. La contrainte thermique par le froid peut avoir des conséquences importantes sur la santé (gelures, hypothermie), sur la sécurité (perte de vigilance et de sensibilité) et s’avérer parfois fatale. Le premier article explore les performances cognitives de huit participants humains exposés 24 heures à une température de 7,5°C. Il en découle quelques recommandations en cas d’exposition prolongée au froid. Le second article présente de récents travaux menés sur le transfert de chaleur à travers différentes couches textiles, utilisées dans la conception de vêtement de protection contre le froid (VPF).
Source: Vinches, Ludwig, & Hallé, Stéphane. (2017). Anses: Bulletin de veille scientifique, 32, 52-54. Repéré à http://bvs.mag.anses.fr/sites/default/files/BVS-mg-032-Vinches-Halle.pdf
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TRAVAIL DEBOUT
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Nurses’ Perceptions of Their Foot Health: Implications for Occupational Health Care
Nursing practice includes static standing and much walking causing strains to lower extremities. However, little is known about nurses’ foot health and particularly their perceptions of their foot health. Therefore, in this study operating room nurses’ perceptions of their foot health was investigated and promoting and hindering factors were identified. In total, 14 operating room nurses participated in in-depth interviews. The informants regarded foot health as part of general health and moreover a significant part of work well-being. Promoting factors for foot health were activity in sports and foot self-care as well as varying work conditions and seeing patients with severe foot conditions which served as a motivating factor to care for their own feet. On the contrary, hindering factors were unsuitable footwear, constant standing, and lack of motivation to care for their own feet. Based on this study, nurses’ value their foot health which should be promoted. Nurses could benefit from annual foot health assessments and foot self-care education provided by occupational health professionals.
Source: Stolt, Minna, Miikkola, Maija, Suhonen, Riitta, & Leino-Kilpi, Helena. (2017). Workplace Health & Safety. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917727011
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TRAVAIL DE BUREAU
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Low-back pain (LBP) is a substantial health challenge due to the risk for long-term sickness absence and early retirement. Several biomechanical exposures at work, including sitting, have been suggested to increase the risk for LBP. The objectives of this study were to determine (i) the extent to which temporal patterns and total amount of objectively measured sitting is associated with LBP intensity and (ii) whether selected modifiers influence these associations. The results showed that sitting was not independently associated with peak LBP intensity, suggesting other exposures are more powerful risk factors for LBP.
Source: Korshøj, M, Hallman, DM, Mathiassen, SE, Aadahl, M, Holtermann, A, & Jørgensen, MB. (2017). Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. Prépublication. doi:10.5271/sjweh.3680
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DOSSIER – Travailler dans un bureau: des risques à ne pas sous-estimer
En réponse à de nouvelles méthodes managériales, nombre d’entreprises opèrent une mutation des espaces de travail et, plus largement, une révolution du travail au bureau. Mais les innovations architecturales et la multiplication des moyens de communication sont-elles nécessairement gage d’amélioration des conditions de travail? Car les risques existent pour le salarié. Qu’ils soient liés aux ambiances physiques de travail (qualité de l’air et ambiance thermique, bruit, éclairage…), à l’organisation de l’espace ou aux nouveaux modes de communication, ils ne doivent pas être occultés. Ce dossier brosse un état des lieux des évolutions en cours du travail au bureau, des risques qu’elles engendrent et que toute entreprise devrait intégrer afin de penser des espaces capables de répondre aux contraintes socio-économiques, d’améliorer la productivité tout en offrant de réelles améliorations des conditions de travail.
Source: Institut national de recherche et de sécurité. (2017, Juillet/août/Septembre). Hygiène & sécurité du travail, 248, 18-47. Repéré à http://www.hst.fr/dms/hst/data/articles/HST/TI-DO-18/do18.pdf
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Outil Questionnaire GABO (Gêne Acoustique dans les Bureaux Ouverts)
Le questionnaire GABO (Gêne Acoustique dans les Bureaux Ouverts) permet de recueillir le ressenti des salariés vis-à-vis du bruit dans les open-spaces (type de sources sonores gênantes, type de tâche perturbée, échelle de sensibilité au bruit, perception de leur santé, etc.). Il est accompagné d’une grille Excel destinée à faciliter l’analyse et la synthèse des réponses.
Source: Institut national de recherche et de sécurité. (2017). Outil Questionnaire GABO (Gêne Acoustique dans les Bureaux Ouverts). Repéré à http://www.inrs.fr/media.html?refINRS=outil62
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TRAVAIL EN LABORATOIRE
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Cancer incidence in female laboratory employees: extended follow-up of a Swedish cohort study
Work in chemical laboratories is associated with exposure to chemicals, of which some are known or suspected carcinogens. A cohort study of laboratory workers in Stockholm followed until 1992 showed an excess of hematolymphatic malignancies in chemical laboratories and an excess of breast cancer among women working for more than 10 years in such laboratories. The follow-up of this cohort has now been extended by 20 years. The results demonstrated that increased risk of breast cancer, as well as the earlier noted excess of hematolymphatic malignancies, may be related to exposure to carcinogenic chemicals/organic solvents used in chemical laboratories, especially during earlier periods.
Source: Gustavsson, Per, Andersson, Tomas, Gustavsson, Annika, & Reuterwall, Christina. (2017). Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 74(11), 823-826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-104184
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Musculoskeletal pain is a common occupational hazard experienced by surgeons. Otologists are predisposed to neck and back pain due to regular prolonged microscopic work. This prospective pilot study investigate the effects of sustained microscopic work on the neck and back, its correlation to surgical experience and to assess the benefits of a prototype postural support chair (PSC) amongst 10 male ear, nose and throat (ENT) clinicians. We used a subjective measure of time to fatigue and pain for the neck and back as well as objective readings from a surface electromyogram (sEMG). It was found that an increase in surgical experience correlated with the time taken to experience fatigue and pain in the neck and back.
Source: Vijendren, Ananth, Devereux, Gavin, Kenway, Bruno, Duffield, Kathy, Van Rompaey, Vincent, van de Heyning, Paul, & Yung, Matthew. (2017). (2017). JOSE: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. Prépublication. 37 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2017.1386411
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TRAVAIL SÉDENTAIRE
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Low-back pain (LBP) is a substantial health challenge due to the risk for long-term sickness absence and early retirement. Several biomechanical exposures at work, including sitting, have been suggested to increase the risk for LBP. The objectives of this study were to determine (i) the extent to which temporal patterns and total amount of objectively measured sitting is associated with LBP intensity and (ii) whether selected modifiers influence these associations. The results showed that sitting was not independently associated with peak LBP intensity, suggesting other exposures are more powerful risk factors for LBP.
Source: Korshøj, M, Hallman, DM, Mathiassen, SE, Aadahl, M, Holtermann, A, & Jørgensen, MB. (2017). Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. Prépublication. doi:10.5271/sjweh.3680
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TRAVAIL SOCIAL
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Prévenir l’exposition accidentelle au fentanyl pour les intervenants d’urgence: avis scientifique
Une augmentation marquée des décès par surdose associés au fentanyl et à ses analogues au Canada amène une préoccupation pour les policiers, pompiers et ambulanciers qui pourraient être exposés de façon accidentelle à ces substances dans le cadre de leurs interventions. En réponse à une demande du SPVM, les auteurs présentent dans cet avis les risques d’exposition et d’absorption accidentelle de fentanyl ou de ses analogues pour les intervenants d’urgence, et des recommandations sur les mesures de prévention afin d’éviter ceux-ci. Ces recommandations sont formulées sur la base des données scientifiques disponibles et pourront être révisées si de nouvelles informations sont publiées.
Source: Tran, Cong Dung, Denis, Geoffroy, Roy, Maxime, & Lefebvre, Luc. (2017). Montréal: Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, 6 p. Repéré à http://asstsas.qc.ca/sites/default/files/publications/documents/Mat_Pedagogique/Fentanyl_Avism%C3%A9dical_03_2017.pdfe.
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TRAVAIL SOLITAIRE – ISOLÉ
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Vous travaillez tard? Travaillez en sécurité
Vous venez de passer une longue journée au bureau pour respecter un délai important et vous avez enfin terminé. Votre satisfaction initiale se transforme en malaise lorsque vous vous rendez compte que vous êtes la dernière personne au bureau et qu’il fait nuit. Si vous avez déjà travaillé tard, vous savez que cette impression peut être troublante, surtout lorsque vous êtes seul. Voici quelques bonnes pratiques que les employeurs devraient mettre en place et que les employés devraient mettre en pratique pour assurer la sécurité des personnes qui travaillent en dehors des heures de bureau.
Source: Vous travaillez tard? Travaillez en sécurité. (2017). Rapport sur la santé et la sécurité, 15(10). Repéré à http://www.cchst.ca/newsletters/hsreport/issues/current.html#hsreport-tipstools
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TRAVAILLEUSE ENCEINTE – GROSSESSE
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Associations Between Disinfection By-Product Exposures and Craniofacial Birth Defects
The purpose ofthis study was to examine associations between craniofacial birth defects (CFDs) and disinfection by-product (DBP) exposures, including the sum of four trihalomethanes (THM4) and five haloacetic acids (HAA5) (i.e., DBP9). This is the first epidemiological study of DBPs to examine eye and ear defects, as well as HAAs and CFDs. The associations for cleft palate and eye defects highlight the importance of examining specific defects, and of examining DBPs beyond THM4.
Source: Kaufman, John A., Wright, J. Michael, Evans, Amanda, Rivera-Núñez, Zorimar, Meyer, Amy, & Narotsky, Michael G. (2017). JOEM: Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine. Prépublication. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001191
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TROUBLES MUSCULOSQUELETTIQUES (TMS)
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This study evaluated the effect of physical, psychosocial and individual factors on the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) among surgeons in Iran. The prevalence of MSS, particularly in the knees, neck, low back and shoulders was relatively high. Work-related factors including time spent on surgeries each week, number of hours working in standing position per day, moderate to high levels of work–family conflict, duration of each surgery, number of years worked as a surgeon and surgical specialty (particularly cardiothoracic and obstetric/gynecologic surgeries) were independently associated with the presence of MSS in different body regions. Individual factors including gender (being female) and little or no involvement in sport and physical activity were also independently associated with the occurrence of complaints. Implications of the findings for further research and development work for improving the working conditions and consequently reducing MSS among this working group are discussed.
Source: Dianat, Iman, Bazazan, Ahmad, Azad, Mohammad Amin Souraki & Salimi, & Seyedeh Sakineh. (2017). Applied Ergonomics, 67, 115-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2017.09.011
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Cette journée thématique portera sur la présence de contraintes organisationnelles ou psychosociales du travail, en interaction avec les contraintes physiques ou biomécaniques, entraîne pour les travailleurs exposés des risques plus élevés de troubles musculo-squelettiques (TMS) selon de nombreuses études scientifiques. Ces contraintes concernent principalement une charge de travail élevée, une latitude décisionnelle faible, des relations sociales au travail difficiles ou encore l’absence de mécanismes de reconnaissance des travailleurs par l’organisation. Or, ces risques organisationnels et psychosociaux sont potentiellement identifiables et modifiables. Il demeure toutefois une absence de consensus sur la façon d’en tenir compte dans le cadre de la prévention des TMS liés au travail. La journée permettra aux participants d’explorer la valeur ajoutée de la prise en compte des contraintes organisationnelles et psychosociales du travail en plus des contraintes physiques dans un cadre d’intervention visant à prévenir les TMS.
Source: Institut national de santé publique du Québec. (2017). Tenir compte des contraintes organisationnelles et psychosociales du travail dans la prévention des TMS : une formule gagnante! JASP. Programmation. Programmes scientifiques. Repéré à https://www.inspq.qc.ca/jasp/tenir-compte-des-contraintes-organisationnelles-et-psychosociales-du-travail-dans-la-prevention-des-tms-une-formule-gagnante
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Après un bref rappel sur les démarches de prévention des TMS et de conception des équipements de travail, cet article présente dans un premier temps les difficultés constatées vis-à-vis de leur articulation. Il propose ensuite des « points d’ancrage » pour accompagner, dans un cadre participatif et multidisciplinaire, les temps de recherche de solutions et de décisions. Cette approche doit permettre aux petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) de trouver des réponses à leurs besoins en matière de prévention des TMS très en amont dans le processus de conception d’un équipement de travail. Elle contribue en effet à une meilleure compréhension des leviers favorisant la prise en compte des TMS et à l’élaboration de nouvelles références d’actions vis-à-vis du processus de conception.
Source: Marsot, Jacques, & Atain-Kouadio, Jean-Jacques. (2017). Pistes : Perspectives interdisciplinaires sur le travail et la santé, 19(2), 26 p. Repéré à http://pistes.revues.org/pdf/4993
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Low-back pain (LBP) is a substantial health challenge due to the risk for long-term sickness absence and early retirement. Several biomechanical exposures at work, including sitting, have been suggested to increase the risk for LBP. The objectives of this study were to determine (i) the extent to which temporal patterns and total amount of objectively measured sitting is associated with LBP intensity and (ii) whether selected modifiers influence these associations. The results showed that sitting was not independently associated with peak LBP intensity, suggesting other exposures are more powerful risk factors for LBP.
Source: Korshøj, M, Hallman, DM, Mathiassen, SE, Aadahl, M, Holtermann, A, & Jørgensen, MB. (2017). Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. Prépublication. doi:10.5271/sjweh.3680
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The goal of this study was to describe the development and application of an inspection tool and a process for identifying hazards inherent in the modifiable aspects of the physical environment to reduce injury risk to hospital workers. Through an iterative and participatory process, the tool and inspection process were developed with three purposes in mind: (a) create a framework for the inspection of physical work environments and physical conditions of work associated with injury risk (hazards), (b) document the physical conditions, and (c) provide feedback to decision makers. The tool and process were used by an ergonomics researcher on four patient care units as part of the Be Well, Work Well Total Worker Health® intervention.
Source: Grant, Michael, P., Okechukwu, Cassandra A., Hopcia, Karen, Sorensen, Glorian, & Dennerlein, Jack T. (2017). Workplace Health & Safety. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917718852
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Chronotype, Sleep Characteristics, and Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Hospital Nurses
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) persist as the leading occupational injury, accounting for nearly half of nurses’ total occupational injuries. Musculoskeletal pain is a known cause of sleep disruption, and individuals with WMSDs that interfere with sleep often report more pain. Evening chronotype has been associated with poor sleep among nurses. However, the associations among chronotype, sleep, and WMSDs are still unclear, and were explored in the present study. This study suggests that well-designed evidence-based non pharmacological interventions to improve sleep may reduce the risk of WMSDs among nurses.
Source: Zhang, Yuan, Duffy, Jeanne F., de Castillero, Elizabeth R., & Wang, Kefang. (2017). Workplace Health & Safety. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917704671
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Nature of Injury and Risk of Multiple Claims Among Workers in Manitoba Health Care
In industrial societies, work-related musculoskeletal disorders are common among workers, frequently resulting in recurrent injuries, work disability, and multiple compensation claims. The risk of idiopathic musculoskeletal injuries is thought to be more than twice the risk of any other health problem among workers in the health care sector. This risk is highly prevalent particularly among workers whose job involves frequent physical tasks, such as patient lifting and transfer. Workers with recurrent occupational injuries are likely to submit multiple work disability claims and progress to long-term disability. The objective of this study was to explore the influence of injury type and worker characteristics on multiple compensation claims, using workers’ compensation claims data. This retrospective study analyzed 11 years of secondary claims data for health care workers.
Source: Oranye, Nelson Ositadimma. (2017). Workplace Health & Safety. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917728942
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Nurses’ Perceptions of Their Foot Health: Implications for Occupational Health Care
Nursing practice includes static standing and much walking causing strains to lower extremities. However, little is known about nurses’ foot health and particularly their perceptions of their foot health. Therefore, in this study operating room nurses’ perceptions of their foot health was investigated and promoting and hindering factors were identified. In total, 14 operating room nurses participated in in-depth interviews. The informants regarded foot health as part of general health and moreover a significant part of work well-being. Promoting factors for foot health were activity in sports and foot self-care as well as varying work conditions and seeing patients with severe foot conditions which served as a motivating factor to care for their own feet. On the contrary, hindering factors were unsuitable footwear, constant standing, and lack of motivation to care for their own feet. Based on this study, nurses’ value their foot health which should be promoted. Nurses could benefit from annual foot health assessments and foot self-care education provided by occupational health professionals.
Source: Stolt, Minna, Miikkola, Maija, Suhonen, Riitta, & Leino-Kilpi, Helena. (2017). Workplace Health & Safety. Prépublication. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917727011
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Saddle Seat Reduces Musculoskeletal Discomfort in Microsurgery Surgeons
Microsurgery is a surgical procedure that requires a high degree of precision and is commonly facilitated through the use of an intraoperative microscope. When operating the microscope system, the long-term posture and stance lead to fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders in surgeons, and seats are commonly employed to diminish these problems. The present study was conducted to evaluate musculoskeletal discomfort during work with a saddle seat especially designed for people using intraoperative microscopes in comparison with conventional seats for microscopic works. The authors found that the highest amount of discomfort that microsurgical surgeons acquire in the workplace was focused on their neck, shoulder, arm and back, respectively. During the work with a saddle seat, a significant reduction was found for discomfort values in neck, shoulder, arm, back, elbow and forearm, as well as the whole body. Over 89 percent of the participants said that the use of this seat causes increased comfort during operation.
Source: Labbafinejad, Yasser, Ghasemi, Mohammad S., Bagherzadeh, Ali, Aazami, Hossein, Eslami-Farsani, Mnsour, & Dehghan, Naser. (2017). JOSE: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. Prépublication. 22 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2017.1389463
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Musculoskeletal pain is a common occupational hazard experienced by surgeons. Otologists are predisposed to neck and back pain due to regular prolonged microscopic work. This prospective pilot study investigate the effects of sustained microscopic work on the neck and back, its correlation to surgical experience and to assess the benefits of a prototype postural support chair (PSC) amongst 10 male ear, nose and throat (ENT) clinicians. We used a subjective measure of time to fatigue and pain for the neck and back as well as objective readings from a surface electromyogram (sEMG). It was found that an increase in surgical experience correlated with the time taken to experience fatigue and pain in the neck and back.
Source: Vijendren, Ananth, Devereux, Gavin, Kenway, Bruno, Duffield, Kathy, Van Rompaey, Vincent, van de Heyning, Paul, & Yung, Matthew. (2017). (2017). JOSE: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. Prépublication. 37 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2017.1386411
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Changing Your Work Environment to Reduce Ergonomic Injuries
According to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), around 20 percent of days of missed work are due to injuries that happen as a result of poor office design. Companies that consider their employees’ work environment and how it can affect health and efficiency potentially can reduce workplace injuries. Most organizations see the frequency of ergonomic-related injuries and costs grow each year. The simple fact is that people need to perform physical work, whether at a factory, store or an office. Finding good workers is half the battle. Now, you need to keep them healthy and productive.
Source: Smagacz, Jeffrey. (2017, October 25). OHS Today. Health. Repéré à http://www.ehstoday.com/health/changing-your-work-environment-reduce-ergonomic-injuries
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Plusieurs obstacles entravent l’application des bonnes pratiques de prévention des TMS chez le personnel du secteur des soins de santé. C’est ce que démontre une étude dont l’objet était de comprendre les raisons pour lesquelles le personnel infirmier subit encore des TMS alors que les données probantes pour mieux les prévenir sont facilement accessibles. Ces barrières se situent à l’étape de l’application des connaissances et non de l’acquisition ou de l’appropriation de celles-ci, ce qui suggère qu’elles relèvent davantage des milieux de travail. Parmi celles-ci, on trouve: le décalage entre les conditions d’application des mesures préventives lors des formations et celles en milieu de travail; les difficultés d’accès aux équipements de manutention; une culture qui valorise peu les comportements sécuritaires. L’étude suggère notamment de mieux sensibiliser les cadres à l’intégration des pratiques préventives aux routines organisationnelles, d’offrir davantage de formation adaptée au contexte de chaque établissement et la possibilité de pratiquer les techniques de manipulation sur les lieux de travail.
Source: Ziam, Saliha, Lakhal, Sawsen, Laroche, Éléna, Alderson, Marie, & Gagné, Charles. (2017). Montréal: Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, xiii, 133 p. (Rapport scientifique; R-985). Repéré à http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/PubIRSST/R-985.pdf?v=2017-10-26
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DOSSIER – Travailler dans un bureau: des risques à ne pas sous-estimer
En réponse à de nouvelles méthodes managériales, nombre d’entreprises opèrent une mutation des espaces de travail et, plus largement, une révolution du travail au bureau. Mais les innovations architecturales et la multiplication des moyens de communication sont-elles nécessairement gage d’amélioration des conditions de travail? Car les risques existent pour le salarié. Qu’ils soient liés aux ambiances physiques de travail (qualité de l’air et ambiance thermique, bruit, éclairage…), à l’organisation de l’espace ou aux nouveaux modes de communication, ils ne doivent pas être occultés. Ce dossier brosse un état des lieux des évolutions en cours du travail au bureau, des risques qu’elles engendrent et que toute entreprise devrait intégrer afin de penser des espaces capables de répondre aux contraintes socio-économiques, d’améliorer la productivité tout en offrant de réelles améliorations des conditions de travail.
Source: INRS. (2017, Juillet/août/Septembre). Hygiène & sécurité du travail, 248, 18-47. Repéré à http://www.hst.fr/dms/hst/data/articles/HST/TI-DO-18/do18.pdf
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Health and social care ergonomics: patient safety in practice
This Special Issue on Human Factors in Healthcare was suggested by Prof. Sara Albolino, at the IEA Triennial Congress in 2015 (Melbourne, Australia) as current Chair of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA) Technical Group on Healthcare. It provides a collection of papers to illustrate current research which is helping to introduce and implement Ergonomics (Human Factors) theory and practice into health care.
Source: Hignett, Sue, Albolino, Sara, & Catchpole, Ken. (2017). Ergonomics. Prépublication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2017.1386454
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VACCINATION DU PERSONNEL
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Cet atelier méthodologique traitera du phénomène de l’hésitation face à la vaccination. Les équipes sur le terrain ne sont pas nécessairement outillées pour faire face à ce phénomène. Peu connue des professionnels de la santé, l’approche éducative basée sur les techniques de l’entretien motivationnel a démontré son efficacité à réduire l’hésitation à la vaccination auprès des parents. L’entretien motivationnel est un style d’intervention brève qui propose une approche directive, centrée sur le parent, utilisée afin de l’amener à rehausser sa motivation interne à changer en explorant et résolvant lui-même ses ambivalences. Elle vise d’abord à aider l’individu à prendre une décision et à trouver sa motivation pour modifier un comportement problématique. L’atelier vise à examiner les bénéfices et les défis de l’utilisation de l’entretien motivationnel comme stratégie efficace de lutte contre l’hésitation à la vaccination, au travers d’expériences concrètes.
Source: Institut national de santé publique du Québec. (2017). L’entretien motivationnel, une stratégie efficace pour diminuer l’hésitation à la vaccination. JASP. Programmation. Programmes scientifiques. Repéré à https://www.inspq.qc.ca/jasp/l-entretien-motivationnel-une-strategie-efficace-pour-diminuer-l-hesitation-la-vaccination
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Flu Immunization Rates Level Off in Healthcare Workers
While hospital rates remain high, flu immunization rates of healthcare workers overall have leveled off and remain particularly low in long-term care, the CDC reports. A CDC internet survey found that during the 2016–17 influenza season, 79% of healthcare workers overall were vaccinated. That is similar to coverage during the 2015–16 season, and the last few seasons before that. Vaccination coverage remained high among hospital workers (92%), and considerably lower among workers in ambulatory care (76%) and long-term care (68%).
Source: Flu Immunization Rates Level Off in Healthcare Workers. (2017, November). Hospital Employee Health, 36(11), 129-130. Repéré à https://www.ahcmedia.com/articles/141567-flu-immunization-rates-level-off-in-healthcare-workers
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